Intra-examination agreement between multi-echo gradient echo and confounder-corrected chemical shift-encoded MR sequences for R2* estimation as a biomarker of liver iron content in patients with a wide range of T2*/R2* and proton density fat fraction values.

Purpose: To investigate the intra-examination agreement between multi-echo gradient echo (MEGE) and confounder-corrected chemical shift-encoded (CSE) sequences for liver T2*/R2* estimations in a wide range of T2*/R2* and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) values. Exploratorily, to search for the T2*/R2* value where the agreement line breaks and examine differences between regions of low and high agreement.

Methods: Consecutive patients at risk for liver iron overload who underwent MEGE and CSE sequences within the same exam at 1.

Inhibition of the Vesicular Glutamate Transporter (VGLUT) with Congo Red Analogs: New Binding Insights.

The vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) facilitates the uptake of glutamate (Glu) into neuronal vesicles. VGLUT has not yet been fully characterized pharmacologically but a body of work established that certain azo-dyes bearing two Glu isosteres via a linker were potent inhibitors. However, the distance between the isostere groups that convey potent inhibition has not been delineated.

System X Antiporter Inhibitors: Azo-Linked Amino-Naphthyl-Sulfonate Analogues of Sulfasalazine.

The cystine/glutamate antiporter system X (SX) mediates the exchange of intracellular L-glutamate (L-Glu) with extracellular L-cystine (L-Cys). Both the import of L-Cys and the export of L-Glu take on added significance in CNS cells, especially astrocytes. When the relative activity of SX overwhelms the regulatory capacity of the EAATs, the efflux of L-Glu through the antiporter can be significant enough to trigger excitotoxic pathology, as is thought to occur in glioblastoma.

Clinical experience with two-point mDixon turbo spin echo as an alternative to conventional turbo spin echo for magnetic resonance imaging of the pediatric knee.

Background: Two-point modified Dixon (mDixon) turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequence provides an efficient, robust method of fat suppression. In one mDixon acquisition, four image types can be generated: water-only, fat-only, in-phase and opposed-phase images.

Objective: To determine whether PD mDixon TSE water-only and, by proxy, PD in-phase images generated by one acquisition can replace two conventional PD TSE sequences with and without fat suppression in routine clinical MR examination of the knee.

A Dual Mode Propulsion System for Small Satellite Applications.

This study focused on the development of a chemical micropropulsion system suitable for primary propulsion and/or attitude control for a nanosatellite. Due to the limitations and expense of current micropropulsion technologies, few nanosatellites with propulsion have been launched to date; however, the availability of such a propulsion system would allow for new nanosatellite mission concepts, such as deep space exploration, maneuvering in low gravity environments and formation flying. This work describes the design of "dual mode" monopropellant/bipropellant microthruster prototype that employs a novel homogeneous catalysis scheme.