Burn hypertrophy scarring assessment based on patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS).

Hypertrophic burn scars can occur due to imbalances in the healing process and affect quality of life. They can be assessed with the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). This is an assessment instrument with both a patient scale and an observer scale.

A case of choledochal cyst type IV.

A choledochal cyst (CC) or biliary cyst is a congenital or acquired anomaly affecting the biliary tree. It involves the dilation of the biliary tree that could affect the extrahepatic and/or the intrahepatic segments. A choledochal cyst (CC) has traditionally been considered as a cystic dilation of the extrahepatic bile duct.

Materials Advances in Photocatalytic Solar Hydrogen Production: Integrating Systems and Economics for a Sustainable Future.

Photocatalytic solar hydrogen generation, encompassing both overall water splitting and organic reforming, presents a promising avenue for green hydrogen production. This technology holds the potential for reduced capital costs in comparison to competing methods like photovoltaic-electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, owing to its simplicity and fewer auxiliary components. However, the current solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of photocatalytic solar hydrogen production has predominantly remained low at ≈1-2% or lower, mainly due to curtailed access to the entire solar spectrum, thus impeding practical application of photocatalytic solar hydrogen production.

Comprehensive analysis of long-term trends, meteorological influences, and ozone formation sensitivity in the Jakarta Greater Area.

Jakarta Greater Area (JGA) has encountered recurrent challenges of air pollution, notably, high ozone levels. We investigate the trends of surface ozone (O) changes from the air quality monitoring stations and resolve the contribution of meteorological drivers in urban Jakarta (2010-2019) and rural Bogor sites (2017-2019) using stepwise Multi Linear Regression. During 10 years of measurement, 41% of 1-h O concentrations exceeded Indonesia' s national threshold in Jakarta.

Seasonal fluctuations of litter and soil Collembola and their drivers in rainforest and plantation systems.

Rainforest conversion and expansion of plantations in tropical regions change local microclimate and are associated with biodiversity decline. Tropical soils are a hotspot of animal biodiversity and may sensitively respond to microclimate changes, but these responses remain unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, here we investigated seasonal fluctuations in density and community composition of Collembola, a dominant group of soil invertebrates, in rainforest, and in rubber and oil palm plantations in Jambi province (Sumatra, Indonesia).