Chromatin Buffers Torsional Stress During Transcription.

Transcription through chromatin under torsion represents a fundamental problem in biology. Pol II must overcome nucleosome obstacles and, because of the DNA helical structure, must also rotate relative to the DNA, generating torsional stress. However, there is a limited understanding of how Pol II transcribes through nucleosomes while supercoiling DNA.

[High burden of disease in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis : A claims data study in Germany].

Background & Objectives: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) represents a group of rare chronic autoimmune diseases characterized by recurrent systemic inflammation provoking multiple morbidities. AAV patients suffer from various organ manifestations and treatment-related severe adverse effects. This retrospective study investigated the concrete burden of AAV disease on patients in Germany.

New insights into the epidemiology of ANCA-associated vasculitides in Germany: results from a claims data study.

Objective: ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) are rare, potentially life-threatening autoimmune diseases characterized by systemic inflammation and organ damage. AAV prevalence rates reported in Europe vary considerably and robust data sources are often lacking. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of claims data analysis as a complementary method to registry-based studies to assess the epidemiology of AAV.

The full transcription map of mouse papillomavirus type 1 (MmuPV1) in mouse wart tissues.

Mouse papillomavirus type 1 (MmuPV1) provides, for the first time, the opportunity to study infection and pathogenesis of papillomaviruses in the context of laboratory mice. In this report, we define the transcriptome of MmuPV1 genome present in papillomas arising in experimentally infected mice using a combination of RNA-seq, PacBio Iso-seq, 5' RACE, 3' RACE, primer-walking RT-PCR, RNase protection, Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses. We demonstrate that the MmuPV1 genome is transcribed unidirectionally from five major promoters (P) or transcription start sites (TSS) and polyadenylates its transcripts at two major polyadenylation (pA) sites.

Mouse papillomavirus infections spread to cutaneous sites with progression to malignancy.

We report secondary cutaneous infections in the mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1)/mouse model. Our previous study demonstrated that cutaneous MmuPV1 infection could spread to mucosal sites. Recently, we observed that mucosal infections could also spread to various cutaneous sites including the back, tail, muzzle and mammary tissues.