Risk Factors for Pseudarthrosis in Minimally-Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study (level of evidence: 4).

Purpose: To describe the potential comorbid, operative, and radiographic risk factors for the development of clinically-relevant pseudarthrosis following minimally-invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF).

Overview Of Literature: MIS-TLIF has shown long-term clinical outcomes with decreased perioperative morbidity and earlier return to work, similar to those of open TLIF.

Investigation of horizontal refraction on Florida Straits continental shelf using a three-dimensional Gaussian ray bundling model.

Acoustic transmission loss measurements from the calibration operations (CALOPS) experiment for the Shallow Water Array Performance (SWAP) program included horizontally refracted returns that were as much as 30° away from the true bearing between source and receiver. In many cases, the in-shore refracted path was 20 dB stronger than the true bearing path. In this study CALOPS transmission loss measurements at 415 Hz are compared to predictions from a three-dimensional Gaussian ray bundling model.

Developmentally regulated lectin in dark versus white axolotl embryos.

The white mutant of the Mexican axolotl, A. mexicanum, involves an ectodermal defect which prevents melanophore colonization. Endogenous lectins have been suggested to function in neural crest-derived melanophore adhesion in other animals.

Sequence of ontogenetic development and atrophy of the oral apparatus of six anuran tadpoles.

The development of the oral structures of six species of anuran tadpoles with four different types of mouth parts and the metamorphic atrophy of these structures in two species with different mouth parts are described. The oral labia of typical tadpoles, oral flaps of microhylids, and lateral oral folds of Rhinophrynus are assumed to be homologous. We also suggest that the barbels of the tadpoles of Rhinophrynus are homologs of the marginal papillae of species with an oral disc.

Dependency of the Paf-acether induced bronchospasm on the lipoxygenase pathway in the guinea-pig.

The Paf-acether (platelet-activating factor) induced bronchospasm (Paf-BCS) was studied in the anesthetized guinea-pig. The SRS antagonist, FPL-55712, as well as inhibitors of both lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase, phenidone, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), and benoxaprofen, caused a dose-related antagonism of Paf-BCS. By contrast, selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, indomethacin and aspirin, exerted moderate antagonism at intermediate doses, but had no effect at high doses.