Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury: from pathology to therapeutic implications.

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults, and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation, there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this population. Following the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation, a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing research. In this work, we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins, triggers of complement activation, and role of effector functions in the pathology.

Association of Cerebrovascular Injury and Secondary Vascular Insult With Poor Outcomes After Gunshot Wound to the Head in a Large Civilian Population.

Background And Objectives: Cerebrovascular injury (CVI) after civilian gunshot wound to the head (GSWH) likely contributes to poor outcomes, but little supporting evidence exists. The purpose of this study was to determine whether intracranial CVI from GSWH and secondary vascular insult (stroke or rehemorrhage) were associated with poor outcomes in a large civilian population.

Methods: This was a single-institution, retrospective cohort study on patients admitted between January 2014 and July 2022 at a large, metropolitan, level-1 trauma center.

The Role of Vitamin B in the Management and Optimization of Treatment in Patients With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.

Study Design: Narrative review.

Objectives: To discuss the relationship between degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) and vitamin B deficiency. Specifically, it is the aim to outline the rational for future research into assessment and therapeutic optimization of vitamin B in the treatment of DCM.