Analysis of polaron pair lifetime dynamics and secondary processes in exciplex driven TADF OLEDs using organic magnetic field effects.

Magnetic field effects (MFEs) in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have been shown to influence the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) and to impact on electroluminescence (EL) and conductivity. Here, we present a novel model combining Cole-Cole and Lorentzian functions to describe low and high magnetic field effects originating from hyperfine coupling, the Δg mechanism, and triplet processes. We applied this approach to organic light-emitting devices of third generation based on tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA) and 2,2',2″-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi), exhibiting blue emission, to unravel their loss mechanisms.

Quantification and occurrence of 39 tire-related chemicals in urban and rural aerosol from Saxony, Germany.

Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) are a major contributor to non-exhaust traffic emissions, but their contribution to and dynamics in urban aerosol is not well known. Urban particulate matter (PM) in the size fraction below 10 µm (PM) from two German cities was collected over 2 weeks and analysed for 39 tire-related chemicals, including amines, guanidines, ureas, benzothiazoles, p-phenylenediamines, quinolines and several transformation products (TPs). Of these, 37 compounds were determined in PM at median concentrations of 212 pg/m for 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG) and 132 pg/m for benzothiazole-2-sulfonic acid (BTSA); 10 of the compounds have not been reported in urban aerosol before.

Pesticides can be a substantial source of trifluoroacetate (TFA) to water resources.

Through the application of C-CF-containing plant protection products (PPP) in agriculture, a substantial quantity of trifluoroacetate (TFA) can be formed and emitted. We here present estimations of TFA formation potentials from PPP across three important economical regions, namely Europe, the United States of America and China. PPP with TFA formation potential vary in type and use profile across those regions, but can be found throughout, with the estimated maximum TFA emissions ranging from 0 to 83 kg/km per year.