Lymphopenia is an adverse prognostic factor in rectal adenocarcinoma patients receiving long-course chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. The recent emerging data on preoperative immunotherapy as an effective therapeutic modality for mismatch repair deficient rectal carcinomas suggests that the immune system plays a significant role in tumor eradication. Although RT has been shown to stimulate anti-tumor immunity, it also leads to substantial lymphopenia, hindering the effect of immune response.

Hellenic Association for the Study of the Liver (HASL): revised clinical practice guidelines for autoimmune hepatitis.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare liver disease, of unknown origin, characterized by considerable heterogeneity. AIH can affect both sexes, of all ages, ethnicities and races. The revised Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) of the Hellenic Association for the Study of the Liver aim to provide updated guidance to clinicians.