Treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals on reducing mortality related to extrahepatic manifestations: a large population-based study in British Columbia, Canada.

Background: HCV infection is associated with mortality due to extrahepatic manifestations (EHM). Sustained virologic response (SVR) following direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy has been linked to decreased all-cause and liver-related mortality. However, evidence regarding the impact of DAA on EHM-related deaths is lacking.

Boxwood phyllosphere fungal and bacterial communities and their differential responses to film-forming anti-desiccants.

Background: Anti-desiccant is a class of agrochemicals widely used to protect plants from water stresses, rapid temperature variations, heat and sunburn, frost and freeze damages, transplant shock, and pathogen and pest attack. Although anti-desiccants are generally considered non-toxic to organisms, it is unclear whether they may impact the phyllosphere microbial communities. In this study, three film-forming anti-desiccant products, TransFilm, Vapor Gard, and Wilt-Pruf were applied to the canopy of two boxwood cultivars 'Vardar Valley' and 'Justin Brouwers' on April 13 and August 26, 2021.

Combating an Invasive Boxwood Pathogen - - in the United States by Shifting Production to Less-Susceptible Cultivars.

Boxwood blight (BB) caused by (), an economically devastating disease affecting everyone in the supply chain from growers to gardeners, was first officially documented in the United States in 2011. This disease has taken a heavy toll on boxwood, an iconic landscape plant and the number one evergreen nursery crop. Instead of abandoning boxwood production and switching to other evergreens, growers in the United States, informed by the latest research, have elected to combat this disease.

Barberry plays an active role as an alternate host of in Spain.

Stem rust, caused by , is a destructive group of diseases. The pathogen uses species as alternate hosts to complete its life cycle. .

Multi-Year Field Plantings Evaluating Boxwood Cultivars for Susceptibility to the Blight Pathogens ( spp.) in Northern Germany.

Two multiyear field trials were conducted to evaluate boxwood cultivars for their susceptibility to the blight pathogens and in northern Germany. Fifteen cultivars were included in the first trial from 2007 to 2012, and 46 cultivars were included in the second trial from 2014 to 2017. Both trials were done in a naturally infested field that was supplemented with infected plant tissue added to the soil before planting.