Optimal design of radiation compensators.

A method to achieve the optimal design of radiation therapy compensating filters in multibeam situations is proposed. Dose distribution is optimized such that it approaches the prescribed value in the target zone, is minimized everywhere else, and does not exceed designated limits at vulnerable regions. Field shapes, sizes, and weights, together with filter thicknesses that take into account missing tissues and body heterogeneities, are calculated as a result of this process.

Topical interferon cream for the treatment of herpes genitalis: a double-blind controlled trial.

Thirty-five women with primary herpes genitalis and 34 women with recurrent herpes genitalis were treated with either placebo, or beta Interferon cream (20,000 iu/g). In comparison with the placebo group, the treatment group showed no benefit in either symptom relief, speed of healing of lesions or length of viral shedding time from lesions.

Covalent coupling of microorganisms to a cellulosic support.

Methods for the covalent coupling of microorganisms to a solid support were investigated. Both bacteria and yeast were attached to cellulose particles using cyanuric chloride as the coupling agent, although different experimental procedures were needed for the two types of microbes. This general technique for whole-cell immobilization offers an advantage over entrapment methods in that the cells are attached to the outer surface of the solid, thus eliminating the resistance of a gel to the transfer of nutrients and products.