Early postnatal transitional circulation in fetal growth restricted neonates.

Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) may impact early postnatal transitional circulation.

Aim: Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular cardiac output, superior vena cava (SVC) and ductus venosus (DV) blood flow in FGR neonates first three days after birth.

Study Design: Prospective observational study.

Prolonged hospitalization signature and early antibiotic effects on the nasopharyngeal resistome in preterm infants.

Respiratory pathogens, commonly colonizing nasopharynx, are among the leading causes of death due to antimicrobial resistance. Yet, antibiotic resistance determinants within nasopharyngeal microbial communities remain poorly understood. In this prospective cohort study, we investigate the nasopharynx resistome development in preterm infants, assess early antibiotic impact on its trajectory, and explore its association with clinical covariates using shotgun metagenomics.

Lung function in preterm infants at 3 months corrected age after neonatal LC-PUFA supplementation.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) supplementation improves lung function at 3 months corrected age (CA) compared with standard treatment in very preterm infants. We also aimed to investigate the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), longitudinal growth, and lung function at 3 months CA.

Methods: A secondary analysis from the ImNuT trial, in which 121 infants with gestational age <29 weeks were randomized to a daily supplement with arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (ARA:DHA group) or MCT-oil (control group) from birth up to 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA).