Clinical Nurse Specialist Impact on COVID-19 Preparation at a Military Treatment Facility.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly challenged healthcare organizations across the globe, forcing innovation, resourcefulness, and flexibility. The purpose of this article is to describe the impact of clinical nurse specialist practice on COVID-19 preparation at a military hospital.

Environment Of Care Changes: The pandemic required facilities to develop expansion plans to facilitate a potential surge of COVID-19 patients.

The frequency of human papillomavirus detection in postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy.

Postmenopausal women enrolled in the Iowa portion of the postmenopausal estrogen/progestin interventions randomized clinical trial (n = 105) during 1989-1991 were studied for (i) the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in this older age population (ages 45-64), and (ii) the association between hormone replacement therapies (HRTs) and changes in detection of HPV over a 2-year time period. HPV is causative in most cervical and some other genital cancers and in the presence of steroid hormones has been shown to increase neoplastic transformation by HPV in vitro. Using PCR to detect HPV DNA, the overall frequency of the virus regardless of time period was 50.

Early heart development in the chick embryo: effects of isotretinoin on cell proliferation, alpha-actin synthesis, and development of contractions.

Isotretinoin is a potent retinoic acid used in the treatment of skin disorders. Though very effective, it is teratogenic if administered during pregnancy, and its teratogenic effect may be related to the normal activity of retinoids as signalling molecules in the embryo. Although its exact mechanism of action is unknown, it has been suggested that it causes its characteristic pattern of defects that includes heart defects, by inhibiting the migration of neural crest cells.