Coach, sports medicine, and parent influence on concussion care seeking intentions and behaviors in collegiate student-athletes.

Background: Sport is a socio-ecological framework where student-athletes are part of a larger community of stakeholders, including coaches, sports medicine professionals (SMPs), and parents. This framework may hold influence over whether student-athletes seek care for a concussion.

Aim: We aimed to describe, compare, and determine the influence of stakeholder concussion knowledge, attitudes, and concussion scenario responses.

Examination of collegiate student-athlete concussion reporting intentions and behavior.

Background: Clinicians rely on student-athletes to self-report concussion symptoms, but more than 50% of concussions go undisclosed.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, social identity, and athletic identity explain variability in student-athlete concussion reporting intentions and behavior.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and forty-seven Division I and II collegiate student-athletes (male=23, female=56, missing=168; age=19.

Improving Concussion Reporting across National College Athletic Association Divisions Using a Theory-Based, Data-Driven, Multimedia Concussion Education Intervention.

Although a base level of knowledge is needed to recognize a concussion, knowledge-focused concussion educational materials ignore multifaceted barriers to concussion reporting. We compared student-athlete concussion reporting intentions and behaviors prior to and 1 year after exposure to an intervention or control treatment. We randomly assigned 891 collegiate student-athletes from three universities (Divisions I, II, III) to either the control group (National College Athletic Association [NCAA] Concussion Fact Sheet) or intervention group (theory-based, data-driven, multimedia, simulated concussion reporting module).

Collegiate student-athlete sex, years of sport eligibility completed, and sport contact level influence on concussion reporting intentions and behaviours.

Primary Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether sex, years of sport eligibility completed, and sport contact level influenced student-athletes' concussion reporting intentions and behaviours.

Research Design: Cross-sectional.

Methods And Procedures: Student-athletes (n = 828) reported their sex, years of sport eligibility completed, sport, and completed concussion reporting intentions and behaviours surveys.

Bystanders affect the outcome of mother-infant interactions in rhesus macaques.

Animal communication involves the transfer of information between a sender and one or more receivers. However, such interactions do not happen in a social vacuum; third parties are typically present, who can potentially eavesdrop upon or intervene in the interaction. The importance of such bystanders in shaping the outcome of communicative interactions has been widely studied in humans, but has only recently received attention in other animal species.