High Spatial-Resolution Skull Base Imaging With Photon-Counting Computed Tomography and Energy-Integrating Computed Tomography: A Comparative Phantom Study.

Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) offers better high-resolution and noise performance than energy integrating detector (EID) CT. In this work, we compared both technologies for imaging of the temporal bone and skull base. A clinical PCCT system and 3 clinical EID CT scanners were used to image the American College of Radiology image quality phantom using a clinical imaging protocol with matched CTDI vol (CT dose index-volume) of 25 mGy.

Immunotoxin-αCD40 therapy activates innate and adaptive immunity and generates a durable antitumor response in glioblastoma models.

D2C7-immunotoxin (IT), a dual-specific IT targeting wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mutant EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) proteins, demonstrates encouraging survival outcomes in a subset of patients with glioblastoma. We hypothesized that immunosuppression in glioblastoma limits D2C7-IT efficacy. To improve the response rate and reverse immunosuppression, we combined D2C7-IT tumor cell killing with αCD40 costimulation of antigen-presenting cells.

Juxtametallic Bipolar Bone Radiofrequency Ablation: Thermal Monitoring in an Ex-Vivo Model with Specimen MRI and Histopathologic Correlation.

Purpose: To measure the ablation zone temperature and nontarget tissue temperature during radiofrequency (RF) ablation in bone containing metal instrumentation versus no metal instrumentation (control group).

Materials And Methods: Ex vivo experiments were performed on 15 swine vertebrae (control, n = 5; titanium screw, n = 5; stainless steel screw, n = 5). Screws and RF ablation probe were inserted identically under fluoroscopy.

Augmented reality overlay fluoroscopic guidance versus CT-fluoroscopic guidance for sacroplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate patient outcomes after sacroplasty (percutaneous sacral augmentation) with guidance using CT compared to fluoroscopy with augmented reality overlay using fluoroscopic cone-beam CT and FDA-approved software (CBCT-AF).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective IRB-approved study of all patients undergoing sacroplasty between 3/2019-9/2020 was performed. Procedural details were collected including whether the procedure was performed with CT-fluoroscopic guidance versus cone beam CT with vector navigation and real-time neuroforaminal contour overlay.

ADC Histogram Analysis of Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma Treated with Selumetinib: A Report from the Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium.

Background And Purpose: Selumetinib is a promising MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase (MEK) 1/2 inhibitor treatment for pediatric low-grade gliomas. We hypothesized that MR imaging-derived ADC histogram metrics would be associated with survival and response to treatment with selumetinib.

Materials And Methods: Children with recurrent, refractory, or progressive pediatric low-grade gliomas who had World Health Organization grade I pilocytic astrocytoma with fusion or the V600E mutation (stratum 1), neurofibromatosis type 1-associated pediatric low-grade gliomas (stratum 3), or sporadic non-neurofibromatosis type 1 optic pathway and hypothalamic glioma (OPHG) (stratum 4) were treated with selumetinib for up to 2 years.