Risk factors for treatment non-completion among patients with syphilis.

Background: With recent increases in syphilis, there is growing interest in expanding screening; however, treatment rates have historically been low.

Objectives: This study examines demographic and clinical factors that may contribute to non-completion of syphilis treatment.

Design: This is a retrospective comparative cohort study of all patients with syphilis from January through November 2018 at an urban, tertiary care hospital.

Fetus Conceived via In Vitro Fertilization With Mosaic Uniparental Isodisomy and Two Balanced Translocations.

We present a case of a fetus acquiring two different balanced translocations from each parent and subsequent uniparental isodisomy from postzygotic loss of a paternal chromosome. Balanced chromosomal translocations occur in 0.14% of the population and increase the risk of other genetic abnormalities, such as uniparental disomy (UPD) and mosaicism.

Reflex Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 RNA Testing Enables Timely Differentiation of False-Positive Results From Acute HIV Infection.

Accurate, timely human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis is critical. Routine HIV screening program data were examined before and after reflex HIV type 1 RNA testing. Reflex testing facilitated confirmation of reactive HIV screening assays (as true or false positives) (odds ratio, 23.

Concurrent Testing for COVID-19 and HIV Infection at 6 High-Volume Emergency Departments in a Priority Jurisdiction for Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions in access to routine HIV screening.

Setting: We assess HIV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing across 6 emergency departments (EDs) in Cook County, Illinois.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the number of SARS-CoV-2 tests, HIV screens, and the proportion of concurrent tests (encounters with both SARS-CoV-2 and HIV testing), correlating with diagnoses of new and acute HIV infection.

High Rate of HIV Among Trauma Patients Participating in Routine Emergency Department Screening.

Limited published data suggest rates of HIV may be high among trauma patients. This study compares rates of HIV screening and diagnosis among trauma and medical patients at a Level 1 trauma center emergency department (ED) with a universal HIV screening program. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of all ED encounters from May 1, 2018, through May 1, 2021.