Posttraumatic growth after stroke: A longitudinal observational study.

Purpose/objective: This study investigated the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in relatively young persons with stroke. It examined the contribution of potential predictive variables and their changes over time.

Research Method/design: Participants completed questionnaires at baseline ( = 78, median time since injury = 47 days) and 3 ( = 53) and 6 months ( = 47) later.

Endoscopic precaruncular medial transorbital and endonasal multiport approaches to the contralateral skull base: a clinicoanatomical study.

Objective: Minimally invasive endoscopic endonasal multiport approaches create additional visualization angles to treat skull base pathologies. The sublabial contralateral transmaxillary (CTM) approach and superior eyelid lateral transorbital approach, frequently used nowadays, have been referred to as the "third port" when used alongside the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). The endoscopic precaruncular contralateral medial transorbital (cMTO) corridor, on the other hand, is an underrecognized but unique port that has been used to repair CSF rhinorrhea originating from the lateral sphenoid sinus recess.

Advantages of Using Unweighted Approximation Error Measures for Model Fit Assessment.

Fit indices are highly frequently used for assessing the goodness of fit of latent variable models. Most prominent fit indices, such as the root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) or the comparative fit index (CFI), are based on a noncentrality parameter estimate derived from the model fit statistic. While a noncentrality parameter estimate is well suited for quantifying the amount of systematic error, the complex weighting function involved in its calculation makes indices derived from it challenging to interpret.

Tips and tricks for maximising access to the middle cranial fossa using the superior lateral orbital portal.

Background: Transorbital endoscopic approaches are becoming increasingly popular for skull base pathologies; the superior lateral orbital portal is one such approach to the middle cranial fossa. This paper provides a technical description that maximises the surgical portal and minimises morbidity.

Technical Description: A superior lid crease incision is made extending laterally and the orbital rim is exposed.

How we do it: using the nasion as a landmark for identifying the anterior ethmoidal artery.

Background: In severe refractory epistaxis, the anterior ethmoidal artery may need to be ligated. Previously described endonasal or transorbital approaches are not always effective, or they have suboptimal aesthetic outcomes. This paper describes a safe and effective surgical technique, with a consistent landmark allowing quick identification.