Immunological Mechanisms of Sensorineural Hearing Impairment in Patients with Different Clinical Phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Narrative Review.

Background: In this review article, we aimed to discuss the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in patients with different forms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), with special reference to the connection of the immune response of the nasal and middle ear mucosa and inner ear structures.

Methods: Articles for this review were identified using PubMed and Google© Scholar databases.

Results: Different phenotypes of CRS may be associated with impaired function of the inner and outer cells of the organ of Corti.

Importance of a Follow-Up Ultrasound Protocol in Monitoring Posttraumatic Spleen Complications in Children Treated with a Non-Operative Management.

: For the last three decades, non-operative management (NOM) has been the standard in the treatment of clinically stable patients with blunt spleen injury, with a success rate of up to 95%. However, there are no prospective issues in the literature dealing with the incidence and type of splenic complications after NOM. : This study analyzed 76 pediatric patients, up to the age of 18, with blunt splenic injury who were treated non-operatively.

Otitis media with effusion as an initial manifestation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology, characterized by necrotizing granulomas. It is an autoimmune disease affecting small- and medium-sized vessels of upper and lower respiratory tract, kidneys, and other organs. We described a case of a patient with otitis media with effusion as the first manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Recurrent malignant otitis externa with multiple cranial nerve involvement: A case report.

Introduction: Necrotizing otitis externa is a rare but conditionally fatal infection of external auditory canal with extension to deep soft tissue and bones, resulting in necrosis and osteomyelitis of the temporal bone and scull base. This condition is also known as malignant otitis due to an aggressive behavior and poor treatment response. Early diagnosis of malignant otitis is a difficult challenge.