Childhood Nutritional Factors and Cardiometabolic Outcomes at 9-11 y of Age: Findings from the ROLO Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study.

Background: Childhood represents a critical period of nutritional risk in the programming of later chronic disease. Few longitudinal studies have explored repeated measures of nutrition throughout the first decade of life in relation to preteen cardiometabolic outcomes.

Objectives: This research aimed to explore associations of early feeding practices (human milk exposure and duration and timing of introduction to solids) and childhood dietary quality and inflammatory scores (at 5 and 9-11 y and change during childhood) on preteen cardiometabolic outcomes.

Oncologic Staging Computed Tomography with IV Contrast Has Similar Efficacy to Dedicated Computed Tomography Angiography for Preoperative DIEP Flap Planning.

Background: Due to variations in perforator vasculature, deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap preoperative imaging can minimize operative time required to locate the most suitable perforators. Dedicated computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been the gold standard; however, many patients have already undergone a staging computed tomography (CT) per oncologic workup. The benefits from CTA may also be realized with a staging CT or CT with IV contrast.

Intervention to promote adolescents' communication and engagement in diabetes clinic encounters: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To conduct a pilot randomized trial of an intervention to improve adolescent question-asking and provider education during paediatric diabetes visits.

Methods: Adolescents aged 11 to 17 with type 1 diabetes and their parents were enrolled from two urban tertiary paediatric clinics. Adolescents were randomised to the intervention group or control group.

Serum IL-36β levels are associated with Insulin sensitivity in paediatric patients with obesity.

Although the orchestrating role of Interleukin-36 cytokines in regulating inflammation at barrier tissue sites, is well established, whether they play a significant role in the settings of metabolic health and disease, has yet to be fully established. Several recent studies have demonstrated that IL-36 cytokine expression is elevated among adult patients with obesity, and can play roles in regulating both insulin sensitivity and driving inflammation. In this report, we have extended these analyses to paediatric patients and identified an association between elevated serum levels of expression of the specific Interleukin-36 subfamily member, IL-36β, among children with obesity displaying insulin sensitivity, compared to children with obesity who are insulin resistant.