Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy phenomic prediction can perform similarly to genomic prediction of maize agronomic traits across environments.

For nearly two decades, genomic prediction and selection have supported efforts to increase genetic gains in plant and animal improvement programs. However, novel phenomic strategies for predicting complex traits in maize have recently proven beneficial when integrated into across-environment sparse genomic prediction models. One phenomic data modality is whole grain near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which records reflectance values of biological samples (e.

Evaluating and Predicting the Performance of Sorghum Lines in an Elite by Exotic Backcross-Nested Association Mapping Population.

Maintaining or introducing genetic diversity into plant breeding programs is necessary for continual genetic gain; however, diversity at the cost of reduced performance is not something sought by breeders. To this end, backcross-nested association mapping (BC-NAM) populations, in which the recurrent parent is an elite line, can be employed as a strategy to introgress diversity from unadapted accessions while maintaining agronomic performance. This study evaluates (i) the hybrid performance of sorghum lines from 18 BC-NAM families and (ii) the potential of genomic prediction to screen lines from BC-NAM families for hybrid performance prior to phenotypic evaluation.

The evolution of diverse antimicrobial responses in vancomycin-intermediate and its therapeutic implications.

causes endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia. Clinicians often prescribe vancomycin as an empiric therapy to account for methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and narrow treatment based on culture susceptibility results. However, these results reflect a single time point before empiric treatment and represent a limited subset of the total bacterial population within the patient.

Developmental change in predictive motor abilities.

Prediction is critical for successful interactions with a dynamic environment. To test the development of predictive processes over the life span, we designed a suite of interceptive tasks implemented as interactive video games. Four tasks involving interactions with a flying ball with titrated challenge quantified spatiotemporal aspects of prediction.