Neuropathological effects of chronically implanted, intracortical microelectrodes in a tetraplegic patient.

Intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEA) can be used as part of a brain-machine interface system to provide sensory feedback control of an artificial limb to assist persons with tetraplegia. Variability in functionality of electrodes has been reported but few studies in humans have examined the impact of chronic brain tissue responses revealed postmortem on electrode performanceIn a tetraplegic man, recording MEAs were implanted into the anterior intraparietal area and Brodmann's area 5 (BA5) of the posterior parietal cortex and a recording and stimulation array was implanted in BA1 of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). The participant expired from unrelated causes seven months after MEA implantation.

Acoustics of the Lascaux cave and its facsimile Lascaux IV.

Access to the original Lascaux cave, a UNESCO World Heritage site famous for its 18 000 year old paintings, has been restricted since 1963. In 2016, an accurate facsimile, Lascaux IV, was designed and built. In the original cave, Lascaux I, classical contemporary room acoustics measurement systems could not be used.

HIV DNA Is Frequently Present within Pathologic Tissues Evaluated at Autopsy from Combined Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Patients with Undetectable Viral Loads.

Unlabelled: HIV infection treatment strategies have historically defined effectiveness through measuring patient plasma HIV RNA. While combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) can reduce plasma viral load (pVL) to undetectable levels, the degree that HIV is eliminated from other anatomical sites remains unclear. We investigated the HIV DNA levels in 229 varied autopsy tissues from 20 HIV-positive (HIV(+)) cART-treated study participants with low or undetectable plasma VL and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) VL prior to death who were enrolled in the National Neurological AIDS Bank (NNAB) longitudinal study and autopsy cohort.

Atypical central neurocytoma with metastatic craniospinal dissemination: a case report.

Central neurocytomas comprise nearly half of adult intraventricular neoplasms. The median age of onset is 34 years. It is typically a low-grade neoplasm (World Health Organization grade II), although some cases of malignant neurocytomas have been described.

Large solitary osteochondroma of the thoracic spine: Case report and review of the literature.

Background: Spinal osteochondromas are typically benign tumors, but patients may present with myelopathy and neurologic deficits if there is tumor encroachment within the spinal canal.

Case Description: We report here a case of a large solitary osteochondroma originating from the posterior vertebral body of T9 causing spinal cord compression and myelopathy. A 17-year-old man presented with 3 months of bilateral feet numbness and gait difficulty.