Case Report: Longitudinal Effect of Progressive Epiretinal Membrane on the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer.

Significance: Epiretinal membrane is a common macular pathology known to cause morphologic changes observed on macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) OCT. However, the longitudinal effect of epiretinal membrane progression on RNFL OCT morphology is not well studied.

Purpose: This report documents a case of epiretinal membrane progression with associated quantifiable changes to the RNFL OCT over time.

Vaccinating the unvaccinated adult.

The percent of US children who are not vaccinated has been increasing, and so have the rates of communicable diseases. As the unvaccinated and undervaccinated population ages, practitioners are likely to see more adult patients who have never been vaccinated. This article reviews the recommendations for vaccinating previously unvaccinated patients and addresses potential barriers and concerns adult patients may have about vaccines.

Fusion of high B-value diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted MR images increases sensitivity for identification of extraprostatic disease in prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate whether fusion of high b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) increases radiologists' ability to detect pathologic features responsible for upstaging in prostate cancer patients prior to radical prostatectomy (RP).

Basic Procedures: This was a retrospective study including 103 patients who underwent RP and a prostate MRI performed at 3T. High b-value DWI and T2WI were fused and interpreted by three radiologists with different degrees of experience.

Long term outcomes of ureteroscopic management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Objectives: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is relatively rare. While nephroureterectomy is considered the gold standard for treatment, endoscopic nephron- sparing techniques have emerged for select cases with equivalent cancer specific survival (CSS). We present the largest series with longest follow-up to date of retrograde ureteroscopy as the primary treatment of UTUC.