Publications by authors named "D Capalbo"
Article Synopsis
- Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in treating various pediatric conditions, but long-term use can lead to adrenal insufficiency (GI-AI), which is often overlooked, especially with non-systemic formulations.
- The review analyzes the impact of chronic GC treatments on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and highlights the importance of carefully tapering off GCs to prevent life-threatening conditions like adrenal crisis (AC).
- The findings stress the need for better understanding and management strategies for GI-AI in children, including monitoring cortisol levels and adjusting treatment to minimize risks associated with steroid withdrawal.
The multiple faces of autoimmune Addison's disease in children.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare but serious condition caused by low adrenal hormones, often difficult to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms.
- In adults, autoimmunity is the leading cause of PAI, while in children, congenital issues like congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are more common, though autoimmune cases are also emerging.
- This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on the causes, symptoms, and treatment of autoimmune PAI in kids to help doctors recognize early warning signs.
Purpose: To investigate the incidence of nephrolithiasis in a cohort of children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), and to study if there is an association with the metabolic control of the disease.
Methods: This study was designed as a multicenter 1 year-prospective study involving 52 subjects (35 males) with confirmed molecular diagnosis of CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD). Each patient was evaluated at three different time-points: T0, T1 (+6 months of follow-up), T2 (+12 months of follow up).
Context: There are only a few nationwide studies on boys with central precocious puberty (CPP) and the last Italian study is a case series of 45 boys that dates back to 2000.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the causes of CPP in boys diagnosed during the last 2 decades in Italy and the relative frequency of forms with associated central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to idiopathic ones.
Methods: We performed a national multicenter retrospective study collecting data from 193 otherwise normal healthy boys with a diagnosis of CPP.
Perinatal asphyxia and hypothermic treatment from the endocrine perspective.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
November 2023
Article Synopsis
- - Perinatal asphyxia significantly contributes to neonatal death and health issues, with therapeutic hypothermia being the standard treatment that reduces mortality and major developmental disabilities.
- - Endocrine-related problems, such as glucose and electrolyte imbalances or adrenal complications, can arise in infants experiencing perinatal asphyxia, potentially impacting their health outcomes.
- - Clinicians need to recognize the potential endocrine complications in asphyxiated infants to implement effective screening and timely interventions for improving overall outcomes.