Joint-line obliquity angle is significantly affected by hip abduction and adduction: A simulated analysis.

Purpose: Different methods for quantifying joint-line obliquity (JLO) have been described, including joint-line obliquity angle (JLOA), Mikulicz joint-line angle (MJLA) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA). The goal of the present study was to quantify the variation of JLOA based on the position of the hip. The hypothesis of our study is that JLO is significantly influenced by the abduction/adduction of the limb, unlike MJLA.

Mathematical explanations for knee osteotomies: "Dear engineer, how would you explain it in a simple way?".

Introduction: Knee osteotomies are effective procedures to treat different deformities and to redistribute the load at the joint level, reducing the risk of wear and, consequently, the need for invasive procedures. Particularly, knee osteotomies are effective in treating early arthritis related to knee deformities in young and active patients with high functional demands, with excellent long-term results. Precise mathematical calculations are imperative during the preoperative phase to achieve tailored and accurate corrections for each patient and avoid complications, but sometimes those formulas are challenging to comprehend and apply.

How to manage a native stiff knee.

Knee stiffness is a widely known and worrying condition in several postoperative knees. Less is known about native stiff knee. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the available literature on native stiff knee epidemiology, classification and treatment.

Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Over-the-Top Femoral Position and All-Epiphyseal Tibial Tunnel.

In pediatric anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, many factors should be considered: (1) risk of growth disturbance; (2) high risk of re-tear; (3) determination of the skeletal age, which is sometimes challenging; and (4) no single technique indicated for all patients. The choice of the technique mostly depends on the patients' age and growth potential. Whereas prepubescent patients can be safely treated with physeal sparing techniques (i.