Estimating the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and proportions of patients with associated dementia and depression among the older adults based on secondary claims data.

Objectives: While the epidemiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been extensively studied, data on the prevalence of PD among the older adults in Germany are scarce, based on small samples, and limited to primary data designs. This study estimated the PD prevalence among the older adults in Germany in 2006 using secondary data.

Methods: We included 815,573 health insurance members aged ≥65 years from all regions in Germany.

Blood pressure responses to acute exercise in type A and B females and males.

Cardiovascular responses to moderate steady-state exercise were studied in Type A and Type B males and females. Eighteen men and 17 women, ages 20 to 40 years, were chosen for Type A (males = 10, females = 10) and Type B (males = 8, females = 7) groups by means of the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS). Subjects exercised on a electronic cycle ergometer at 60% O2peak for 20 min.