Water activity in subaerial microbial biofilms on stone monuments.

Stone monuments can be difficult environments for life, particularly with respect to liquid water access. Nevertheless, microbial communities are found on them with apparent ubiquity. A variety of strategies for access to liquid water have been proposed.

Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Treatment of Patients with Cleft Lip, Alveolus, and Palate: An Executive Summary.

Significant treatment variation exists in the Netherlands between teams treating patients with cleft lip, alveolus, and/or palate, resulting in a confusing and undesirable situation for patients, parents, and practitioners. Therefore, to optimize cleft care, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) were developed. The aim of this report is to describe CPG development, share the main recommendations, and indicate knowledge gaps regarding cleft care.

Long-Term Follow-Up Study of Young Adults Treated for Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip, Alveolus, and Palate by a Treatment Protocol Including Two-Stage Palatoplasty: Speech Outcomes.

Background: No consensus exists on the optimal treatment protocol for orofacial clefts or the optimal timing of cleft palate closure. This study investigated factors influencing speech outcomes after two-stage palate repair in adults with a non-syndromal complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of adult patients with a UCLP who underwent two-stage palate closure and were treated at our tertiary cleft centre.

Hearing sensitivity in adults with a unilateral cleft lip and palate after two-stage palatoplasty.

Objective: To evaluate long-term hearing and middle ear status in patients treated for a unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) by two-stage palatoplasty.

Methods: Forty-nine UCLP patients aged 17 years and older were included in this retrospective study. Patients were invited for a multidisciplinary long-term follow-up of their treatment at a tertiary center for craniofacial surgery in the Netherlands.

Long-term mid-facial growth of patients with a unilateral complete cleft of lip, alveolus and palate treated by two-stage palatoplasty: cephalometric analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term facial growth in adults previously treated for an isolated unilateral complete cleft lip, alveolus and palate by two-stage palatoplasty.

Materials And Methods: Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients of 17 years and older treated by two-stage palatoplasty were invited for long-term follow-up. During follow-up, lateral cephalograms were obtained (n = 52).