Development of image-based decision support systems utilizing information extracted from radiological free-text report databases with text-based transformers.

Objectives: To investigate the potential and limitations of utilizing transformer-based report annotation for on-site development of image-based diagnostic decision support systems (DDSS).

Methods: The study included 88,353 chest X-rays from 19,581 intensive care unit (ICU) patients. To label the presence of six typical findings in 17,041 images, the corresponding free-text reports of the attending radiologists were assessed by medical research assistants ("gold labels").

Transformer-based structuring of free-text radiology report databases.

Objectives: To provide insights for on-site development of transformer-based structuring of free-text report databases by investigating different labeling and pre-training strategies.

Methods: A total of 93,368 German chest X-ray reports from 20,912 intensive care unit (ICU) patients were included. Two labeling strategies were investigated to tag six findings of the attending radiologist.