CARE frailty e-health scale: Association with incident adverse health outcomes and comparison with the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty scale in the NuAge cohort.

Background: This study examines and compares CARE and Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) frailty states (i.e., robust, prefrail and frail) for their association with incident adverse health outcomes, including falls, depression, cognitive and functional decline, major neurocognitive disorders, hospitalization and mortality in community-dwelling older adults living in the province of Quebec (Canada).

Outlet Ventricular Septal Defect in an Elderly Male.

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly in children and the second most common congenital cardiac anomaly in adults. The hemodynamic compromise associated with VSD is due to the shunt formation created by the abnormal communication between the right and left ventricles. While 85%-90% of small VSDs close spontaneously during the first year of life, some do not close spontaneously.

Emotional support animals are not like prosthetics: a response to Sara Kolmes.

Sara Kolmes has argued that the human 'handlers' of emotional support animals (ESAs) should have the sorts of body-like rights to those animals that people with prosthetics have to their prosthetics. In support of this conclusion, she argues that ESAs both function and feel like prosthetics, and that the disanalogies between ESAs and prosthetics are irrelevant to whether humans can have body-like rights to their ESAs. In response, we argue that Ms Kolmes has failed to show that ESAs are body-like in the ways that paradigmatic prostheses are and that, even if they were, these similarities would be outweighed by a crucial dissimilarity that she underestimates.