Recent Advances in Genitourinary Tumors: Updates From the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Blue Book Series.

Context.—: Urinary and Male Genital Tumours is the 8th volume of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours series, 5th edition. Released in hard copy in September 2022, it presents an update to the classification of male genital and urinary tumors in the molecular age.

-associated metastatic abdominopelvic primitive neuroectodermal tumor with an rearrangement in a 16-yr-old female.

We report a case of a -associated -rearranged malignant primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) arising in a patient with DICER1 tumor predisposition syndrome. A 16-yr-old female with a history of multinodular goiter presented with a widely metastatic abdominal small round blue cell tumor with neuroectodermal differentiation. gene rearrangement was identified in the tumor by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Clonal Origin Evaluated by Trunk and Branching Drivers and Prevalence of Mutations in Multiple Lung Tumor Nodules.

Introduction: Differentiation between intrapulmonary metastasis (IPM) and multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) in patients with synchronous or metachronous lung tumor nodules is critical but challenging.

Objective: We proposed an algorithm to evaluate clonal origin based on trunk (initiating) versus branching drivers and the prevalence of mutations in lung adenocarcinomas.

Methods: Driver mutations were examined using next-generation sequencing in five trunk driver genes (BRAF, EGFR, ERBB2, KRAS, and NRAS) and three branching driver genes (ATK1, PIK3CA, and TP53).

IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in lung adenocarcinomas: Evidences of subclonal evolution.

Background: Selective IDH1 and IDH2 inhibitors have been approved for targeted therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. Clinical trials for solid tumors with IDH1 and IDH2 (IDH1/2) mutations are ongoing. Reports of IDH1/2-mutated non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), however, are limited.

Clinical Validation of Discordant Trunk Driver Mutations in Paired Primary and Metastatic Lung Cancer Specimens.

Objectives: To propose an operating procedure for validation of discordant trunk driver mutations.

Methods: Concordance of trunk drivers was examined by next-generation sequencing in 15 patients with two to three metastatic lung cancers and 32 paired primary and metastatic lung cancers.

Results: Tissue identity was confirmed by genotyping 17 single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the panel.