Influence of a Concomitant Medial Meniscus Injury on Knee Joint Function and Osteoarthritis Presence after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

The aim of this study was to investigate how a medial meniscus injury accompanying an anterior cruciate ligament rupture affects the clinical outcome 10 years after ACL reconstruction. A total of 37 patients who received anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) were included in this retrospective study. Two groups were analyzed at a single follow-up of 10 years: (i) "isolated (ACLR)" ( = 20) and (ii) "ACLR with medial meniscal injury" ( = 17).

Solvent manipulation of the pre-reduction metal-ligand complex and particle-ligand binding for controlled synthesis of Pd nanoparticles.

Understanding how to control the nucleation and growth rates is crucial for designing nanoparticles with specific sizes and shapes. In this study, we show that the nucleation and growth rates are correlated with the thermodynamics of metal-ligand/solvent binding for the pre-reduction complex and the surface of the nanoparticle, respectively. To obtain these correlations, we measured the nucleation and growth rates by in situ small angle X-ray scattering during the synthesis of colloidal Pd nanoparticles in the presence of trioctylphosphine in solvents of varying coordinating ability.

Deep Ultraviolet Luminescence Due to Extreme Confinement in Monolayer GaN/Al(Ga)N Nanowire and Planar Heterostructures.

We present experimental results confirming extreme quantum confinement in GaN/AlGaN ( = 0.65 and 1.0) nanowire and planar heterostructures, where the GaN layer thickness is of the order of a monolayer.

More than reproduction: Central gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonism decreases maternal aggression in lactating rats.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a major regulator and activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Many studies have demonstrated the importance of GnRH in reproduction and sexual behaviour. However, to date, only a single study shows an involvement of GnRH in maternal behaviour where a 30% reduction of GnRH neurones abolishes a mother's motivation to retrieve pups.

Brain vasopressin signaling modulates aspects of maternal behavior in lactating rats.

The brain vasopressin system mediates various social behaviors as has been studied mostly in males. Only recently, advances in social neuroscience revealed that central vasopressin signaling via its V1a and V1b receptors also facilitates female social behavior, including maternal behavior. In this review, we show how maternal care, maternal motivation and maternal aggression of lactating rat mothers are modulated in a V1 receptor subtype- and brain region-specific manner.