Amygdalar activity measured using FDG-PET/CT at head and neck cancer staging independently predicts survival.

Importance: The mechanisms underlying the association between chronic stress and higher mortality among individuals with cancer remain incompletely understood.

Objective: To test the hypotheses that among individuals with active head and neck cancer, that higher stress-associated neural activity (ie. metabolic amygdalar activity [AmygA]) at cancer staging associates with survival.

How do attitudes toward Covid-19 vaccine impact intentions to vaccinate in an emerging economy? The moderating effect of risk perception and Covid-19 anxiety.

This article aims to investigate the factors influencing the relationship between attitudes toward Covid-19 vaccines and intention to vaccinate, specifically, risk perception and Covid-19 anxiety. The study's results clearly demonstrate that only when the risk perception is minimal does vaccination intention improve with improved vaccine attitudes. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers, non-government organizations, marketers, and practitioners about the possible challenges in the execution of a Covid-19 vaccination program in an emerging economy.

Sexual conflict drives micro- and macroevolution of sexual dimorphism in immunity.

Background: Sexual dimorphism in immunity is believed to reflect sex differences in reproductive strategies and trade-offs between competing life history demands. Sexual selection can have major effects on mating rates and sex-specific costs of mating and may thereby influence sex differences in immunity as well as associated host-pathogen dynamics. Yet, experimental evidence linking the mating system to evolved sexual dimorphism in immunity are scarce and the direct effects of mating rate on immunity are not well established.

The role of HER2 and HER3 in HER2-amplified cancers beyond breast cancers.

HER2 and HER3 play key driving functions in the pathophysiology of HER2-amplified breast cancers, but this function is less well characterized in other cancers driven by HER2 amplification. This study aimed to explore the role of HER2 and HER3 signaling in other types of HER2-amplified cancer. The expression and signaling activity of HER2, HER3, and downstream pathway proteins were studied in cell panels representing HER2-amplified cancers of the breast, bladder, colon and rectal, stomach, esophagus, lung, tongue, and endometrium along with controls lacking HER2 amplification.