Presumed bilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy in a pediatric patient.

Purpose: To describe a rare case of presumed bilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy (AIM) in a pediatric patient.

Observation: An 11-year-old male was evaluated for a "fuzzy Dorito-shaped" spot in the central vision of his right eye (OD) that started 3 days before presenting to our clinic. On examination, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was counting fingers at 5 feet OD, and 20/25 in the left eye (OS).

Horizontal-cell like Dm9 neurons in modulate photoreceptor output to supply multiple functions in early visual processing.

Dm9 neurons in have been proposed as functional homologs of horizontal cells in the outer retina of vertebrates. Here we combine genetic dissection of neuronal circuit function, two-photon calcium imaging in Dm9 and inner photoreceptors, and immunohistochemical analysis to reveal novel insights into the functional role of Dm9 in early visual processing. Our experiments show that Dm9 receive input from all four types of inner photoreceptor R7p, R7y, R8p, and R8y.

Majority of new patient referrals to a large pediatric rheumatology center result in non-rheumatic diagnosis.

Objective: Pediatric rheumatology faces a looming supply-demand crisis. While strategies have been proposed to address the supply shortfall, investigation into the increased demand for pediatric rheumatic care has been limited. Herein, we analyze new patient visits to a large tertiary care pediatric rheumatology center to identify emerging trends in referrals and areas for potential intervention to meet this increased demand.

Cytokine Storm Syndrome Triggered by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pediatric Patients.

Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition caused by severe systemic inflammation, immune activation, and a positive feedback loop of cytokine release. Typically triggered by systemic infection, malignancy, monogenic or rheumatic disease, similar patterns of hyper-inflammation have been seen in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and in patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Typical treatments used for the prevention and treatment of CPB/ECMO-induced hyper-inflammation have not been shown to be substantially effective.