Machine learning enables non-Gaussian investigation of changes to peripheral nerves related to electrical stimulation.

Electrical stimulation of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is becoming increasingly important for the therapeutic treatment of numerous disorders. Thus, as peripheral nerves are increasingly the target of electrical stimulation, it is critical to determine how, and when, electrical stimulation results in anatomical changes in neural tissue. We introduce here a convolutional neural network and support vector machines for cell segmentation and analysis of histological samples of the sciatic nerve of rats stimulated with varying current intensities.

Configuring intracortical microelectrode arrays and stimulus parameters to minimize neuron loss during prolonged intracortical electrical stimulation.

Background: Previous studies have shown that neurons of the cerebral cortex can be injured by implantation of, and stimulation with, implanted microelectrodes.

Objectives: Objective 1 was to determine parameters of microstimulation delivered through multisite intracortical microelectrode arrays that will activate neurons of the feline cerebral cortex without causing loss of neurons.

Objective: 2 was to determine if the stimulus parameters that induced loss of cortical neurons differed for all cortical neurons vs.

Neuropathological effects of chronically implanted, intracortical microelectrodes in a tetraplegic patient.

Intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEA) can be used as part of a brain-machine interface system to provide sensory feedback control of an artificial limb to assist persons with tetraplegia. Variability in functionality of electrodes has been reported but few studies in humans have examined the impact of chronic brain tissue responses revealed postmortem on electrode performanceIn a tetraplegic man, recording MEAs were implanted into the anterior intraparietal area and Brodmann's area 5 (BA5) of the posterior parietal cortex and a recording and stimulation array was implanted in BA1 of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). The participant expired from unrelated causes seven months after MEA implantation.

Intraspinal stimulation with a silicon-based 3D chronic microelectrode array for bladder voiding in cats.

Bladder dysfunction is a significant and largely unaddressed problem for people living with spinal cord injury (SCI). Intermittent catheterization does not provide volitional control of micturition and has numerous side effects. Targeted electrical microstimulation of the spinal cord has been previously explored for restoring such volitional control in the animal model of experimental SCI.

PRIMA subretinal wireless photovoltaic microchip implantation in non-human primate and feline models.

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical technique for subretinal implantation of two sizes of PRIMA photovoltaic wireless microchip in two animal models, and refine these surgical procedures for human trials.

Methods: Cats and Macaca fascicularis primates with healthy retina underwent vitrectomy surgery and were implanted with subretinal wireless photovoltaic microchip at the macula/central retina. The 1.