Publications by authors named "D B Grayden"
Originally reserved for those who are profoundly deaf, cochlear implantation is now common for people with partial hearing loss, particularly when combined with a hearing aid. This combined intervention enhances speech comprehension and sound quality when compared to electrical stimulation alone, particularly in noisy environments, but the physiological basis for the benefits is not well understood. Our long-term aim is to elucidate the underlying physiological mechanisms of this improvement, and as a first step in this process, we have investigated in normal hearing cats, the degree to which the patterns of neural activity evoked in the inferior colliculus (IC) by speech sounds in various levels of noise allows discrimination between those sounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Seizure prediction could improve quality of life for patients through removing uncertainty and providing an opportunity for acute treatments. Most seizure prediction models use feature engineering to process the EEG recordings. Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks are a recurrent neural network architecture that can display temporal dynamics and, therefore, potentially analyze EEG signals without performing feature engineering.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- This study uses a neural mass model to explore how functional connectivity in the brain relates to seizure frequency in a rat model of epilepsy, utilizing data from intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings.
- The findings indicate that specific connectivity weights among neural populations can significantly correlate with daily seizure counts, providing insights into the mechanisms of epilepsy development.
- Additionally, the research identified that recovery times following electrical stimulation are longer in the critical minutes before seizures, suggesting the potential of this model as a predictive tool for seizures when direct brain stimulation isn't possible.
Article Synopsis
- - The study introduces "pro-ictal EEG scheduling," a new method for timing video-electroencephalography (vEEG) sessions to improve the detection of epileptic activity by aligning them with high-risk seizure periods.
- - Analyzing data from over 5,000 vEEG sessions and related seizure diaries, the research found that monitoring during high-risk periods led to significantly higher rates of abnormal reports, confirmed seizures, and reported events compared to regular monitoring times.
- - The findings, which highlight the effectiveness of this scheduling method, suggest that pro-ictal EEG scheduling can be a practical and low-risk strategy to enhance epilepsy diagnosis and management.
Article Synopsis
- Novel stimulation methods are required to address the limitations of current cochlear implants, with optogenetics offering a promising solution by enabling light-sensitive control of auditory neurons.
- Research compared the effectiveness of two channelrhodopsins, ChR2-H134R and ChIEF, in stimulating auditory responses at different pulse rates, revealing that ChIEF performed better at lower rates but showed issues at higher rates.
- Combined optogenetic and electrical stimulation enhanced responses at high rates but caused significant deterioration of optogenetic responses with prolonged use, highlighting key challenges for developing effective treatments for hearing loss.