Publications by authors named "D B Farber"
The metabolic landscape of cancer greatly influences antitumor immunity, yet it remains unclear how organ-specific metabolites in the tumor microenvironment influence immunosurveillance. We found that accumulation of primary conjugated and secondary bile acids (BAs) are metabolic features of human hepatocellular carcinoma and experimental liver cancer models. Inhibiting conjugated BA synthesis in hepatocytes through deletion of the BA-conjugating enzyme bile acid-CoA:amino acid -acyltransferase (BAAT) enhanced tumor-specific T cell responses, reduced tumor growth, and sensitized tumors to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExercise influences clinical Achilles tendon health in humans, but animal models of exercise-related Achilles tendon changes are lacking. Moreover, previous investigations of the effects of treadmill running exercise on rat Achilles tendon demonstrate variable outcomes. Our objective was to assess the functional, structural, cellular, and biomechanical impacts of treadmill running exercise on rat Achilles tendon with sensitive in and ex vivo approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Memory T and B cells in tissues are crucial for immunity, with a study analyzing immune memory from mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in 63 organ donors of varying ages.* -
- Spike-reactive memory T cells were found in lymphoid organs and lungs, showing differences in expression based on prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, while B cells in these areas were mainly class-switched memory cells.* -
- Tissue memory T cells lasted longer than blood counterparts, especially in older individuals, with distinct roles: regulatory profiles were more common in tissues, helping protect while minimizing damage.*
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how B cell populations and their receptors evolve in the intestines of humans, particularly after intestinal transplantation, using biopsies for observation.
- Researchers employed advanced techniques like polychromatic flow cytometry and B cell receptor sequencing to differentiate between donor and recipient B cells and assess their development in the transplanted intestines.
- Findings reveal that recipient B cells, including memory B cells, rapidly populate the transplanted intestines mainly in infants, and their B cell receptors evolve differently in the graft compared to circulation, with notable clonal mixing remaining years after the transplant.
CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key orchestrators of the immune system, fostering the establishment of protective immunity while preventing deleterious responses. Infancy and childhood are crucial periods of rapid immunologic development, but how Tregs mediate immune responses at these earliest timepoints of human life is poorly understood. In this study, we compare blood and tissue (tonsil) Tregs across pediatric and adult subjects to investigate age-related differences in Treg biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF