Rural Roads to cognitive Resilience (RRR): A prospective cohort study protocol.

Background: Ambient air pollution, detrimental built and social environments, social isolation (SI), low socioeconomic status (SES), and rural (versus urban) residence have been associated with cognitive decline and risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Research is needed to investigate the influence of ambient air pollution and built and social environments on SI and cognitive decline among rural, disadvantaged, ethnic minority communities. To address this gap, this cohort study will recruit an ethnoracially diverse, rural Florida sample in geographic proximity to seasonal agricultural burning.

Analytical Techniques for Supporting Hospital Case Mix Planning Encompassing Forced Adjustments, Comparisons, and Scoring.

: This article presents analytical techniques and a decision support tool to aid in hospital capacity assessment and case mix planning (CMP). To date, no similar techniques have been provided in the literature. : Initially, an optimization model is proposed to analyze the impact of making a specific change to an existing case mix, identifying how patient types should be adjusted proportionately to varying levels of hospital resource availability.

Patterns and implications of spatial covariation in herbivore functions on resilience of coral reefs.

Persistent shifts to undesired ecological states, such as shifts from coral to macroalgae, are becoming more common. This highlights the need to understand processes that can help restore affected ecosystems. Herbivory on coral reefs is widely recognized as a key interaction that can keep macroalgae from outcompeting coral.

Enhancing end-of-life care practices on the medicine units: perspectives from nurses and families.

Background: Death is a part of life. While most often a sombre event, opportunities exist to optimise the experience both for the dying patient and their loved ones. This is especially true in institutionalised settings, such as acute care hospitals where cure and recovery tend to be paramount.

Enrolment patterns in a randomized controlled trial of probiotics in critically ill patients: a retrospective analysis of the PROSPECT trial.

Background: Understanding site-related factors that influence enrolment within multicenter randomized controlled trials (RCT) may help reduce trial delays and cost over-runs and prevent early trial discontinuation. In this analysis of PROSPECT (Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial), we describe patient enrolment patterns and examine factors influencing site-based monthly enrolment.

Design: Retrospective analysis of a multicenter RCT.