The possible role of epigenetics in the etiology of hypospadias.

Introduction: Hypospadias is a common malformation of the genitourinary system and is thought with a complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors likely contributing to its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the receptor gene expressions of sex hormones, FGFR2, FGF8 and BMP7 and DNA methylations in these genes as an epigenetic mark, which may play a role in the etiology of hypospadias.

Material And Methods: The samples from the foreskin of 20 patients with hypospadias and 20 healthy children who underwent circumcision operations were collected.

A Genetics Study in the Foreskin of Boys with Hypospadias.

Introduction: Hypospadias is a malformation of the genitourinary system in males, characterized by the placement of the urethral opening in the ventral surface of the penis. Although controversies continue about etiology, endocrine disrupting chemicals that disrupt normal endocrine signaling at the receptor or signal transduction level are thought to play an essential role in etiology. This study aimed to investigate the receptor gene expressions of the sex hormones and , and , which are considered to play an essential role in developing hypospadias.

Dorsal Versus Ventral Dartos Flap to Prevent Fistula Formation in Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty for Hypospadias.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of two different flap procedures for prevention of urethrocutaneous fistula in hypospadias patients undergoing tubularized incised plate urethroplasty .

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 89 patients who underwent hypospadias repair. The standard technique of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty was used.

Can serum Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 help in decision making for surgery in antenatally dedected hydronephrosis.

Introduction: Congenital obstructive uropathies are among leading reasons for renal failure in children. Answers to questions such as what the critical threshold of obstruction is or which degree of obstruction disrupts the development of the kidney still remain unclear. Several biomarkers such as Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) and Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) may help clinicians in the clinical evaluation and appropriate planning of the disease.