Clinical Manifestations.

Background: When assessed in the Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) framework, late-life onset psychotic like symptoms (MBI-psychosis) are associated with incident cognitive decline and dementia. One approach to examining the genetic basis of this association, is to use Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) to determine whether genetic propensity for late-life onset psychosis is shared with other traits. We aimed to elucidate the shared genetic liability between Educational Attainment, Intelligence, Reasoning, Memory, Neuroticism, Alzheimer's Disease, Major Depression, Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder and Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI)-Psychosis in later life.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Smell dysfunction has been one of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) symptoms. Identification of those with these symptoms are important as olfactory impairment in general has been studied to have increased mortality, poor quality of life, increased incidence of depression and risk for dementia. Smell dysfunction related to Covid-19 in older adults and its impact is lesser studied.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Apathy and mood symptoms are increasingly recognised as clinical important aspects of prodromal dementia; both are associated with increased risk of dementia even in cognitively normal people. The clinical overlap between apathy and low mood poses a challenge in distinguishing between the two conditions. It is crucial to differentiate between depression and apathy, along with any underlying syndromes, to facilitate the development of targeted treatments.

Assessment and management of frailty in individuals living with dementia: expert recommendations for clinical practice.

Frailty complicates the care of individuals with dementia, increasing their vulnerability to adverse outcomes. This Personal View presents expert recommendations for managing frailty in individuals with dementia, aimed at health-care providers, particularly those in primary care. We conducted a rapid literature review followed by a consensus process involving 18 international experts on dementia and frailty.

Plasma phosphorylated tau and neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies.

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) are common in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) but their neurobiological mechanisms are poorly understood.

Methods: NPSs and cognition were assessed annually in participants (DLB n = 222; Alzheimer's disease [AD] n = 125) from the European DLB (E-DLB) Consortium, and plasma phosphorylated tau-181 (p-tau181) and p-tau231 concentrations were measured at baseline.

Results: Hallucinations, delusions, and depression were more common in DLB than in AD and, in a subgroup with longitudinal follow-up, persistent hallucinations and NPSs were associated with lower p-tau181 and p-tau231 in DLB.