Distinct pathways for the absorption and metabolism of β-carotene and zeaxanthin in the mouse intestine.

Carotenoids, essential nutrients for eye health, are absorbed in the intestine to support vitamin A homeostasis and provide cellular protection. This process involves the lipid transporters scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1, encoded by Scarb1 gene) and Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1), which load these dietary lipids into the plasma membrane of intestinal enterocytes. However, the precise contribution of these transporters to carotenoid absorption, the putative involvement of Aster proteins in their downstream movement, and the interactions with their metabolizing enzymes, β-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1) and β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2), remain incompletely understood.

The Genes from the Intermediate Clade: Influence on the Somatic Embryogenesis in .

Transcription factors from the WOX family are well-known regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation in plants. Herein, we focused on several genes from the intermediate clade and checked their impact on somatic embryogenesis using the model legume object . As a result, we show that overexpression not only stimulates somatic embryogenesis in the embryogenic line, as it was shown previously, but can also induce somatic embryogenesis in the non-embryogenic line.

and Effects on the Embryogenic Callus Transcriptome in .

WOX family transcription factors are well-known regulators of plant development, controlling cell proliferation and differentiation in diverse organs and tissues. Several genes have been shown to participate in regeneration processes which take place in plant cell cultures in vitro, but the effects of most of them on tissue culture development have not been discovered yet. In this study, we evaluated the effects of gene overexpression on the embryogenic callus development and transcriptomic state in .

Simultaneous activation of the hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis genes (CBS and CSE) induces sex-specific geroprotective effects in Drosophila melanogaster.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is one of the most important gasotransmitters that affect lifespan and provide resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Here we investigated geroprotective effects of the individual and simultaneous overexpression of genes encoding key enzymes of HS biosynthesis - cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) on D. melanogaster model.

Deletions of the cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) genes, involved in the control of hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis, significantly affect lifespan and fitness components of Drosophila melanogaster.

The gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an important biological mediator, playing an essential role in many physiological and pathological processes. It is produced by transsulfuration - an evolutionarily highly conserved pathway for the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine. Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) enzymes play a central role in cysteine metabolism and HS production.