Reduced costs for Staphylococcus aureus carriers treated prophylactically with mupirocin and chlorhexidine in cardiothoracic and orthopaedic surgery.

Background: A multi centre double-blind randomised-controlled trial (M-RCT), carried out in the Netherlands in 2005-2007, showed that hospitalised patients with S. aureus nasal carriage who were treated prophylactically with mupirocin nasal ointment and chlorhexidine gluconate medicated soap (MUP-CHX), had a significantly lower risk of health-care associated S. aureus infections than patients receiving placebo (3.

Continuous-wave frequency tripling and quadrupling by simultaneous three-wave mixings in periodically poled crystals: application to a two-step 1.19-10.71-microm frequency bridge.

We observed cw third-harmonic generation in a periodically poled LiNbO(3) crystal by cascading optimally phase-matched second-harmonic and sum-frequency generation. Other processes, such as fourth-harmonic generation, are allowed by the flexibility of quasi-phase matching. We demonstrate a divide-by-nine (1.

Proposed sum-and-difference method for optical-frequency measurement in the near infrared.

We propose a method for the determination of optical frequencies in the near infrared that is based on the nonlinear generation of the optical sum and difference frequencies of two near-infrared lasers followed by the comparison of the sum and difference frequencies with standards in the visible and in the far infrared, respectively. We also address questions of practicability and discuss some examples open to the method.