Childhood sexual abuse and lifetime depressive symptoms: the importance of type and timing of childhood emotional maltreatment.

Background: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and emotional maltreatment are salient risk factors for the development of major depressive disorder (MDD) in women. However, the type- and timing-specific effects of emotional maltreatment experienced during adolescence on future depressive symptomatology in women with CSA have not been explored. The goal of this study was to fill this gap.

Psychobiological Stress Response Profiles in Current and Remitted Depression: A Person-Centered, Multisystem Approach.

Background: A dysregulated stress response, including exaggerated affective reactivity and abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responsivity, has been implicated in the etiology, maintenance, and relapse of major depressive disorder (MDD). Among adolescents, discordant affective and physiological stress response profiles have been linked to negative affective outcomes and increased risk for psychopathology. Whether these findings extend to adults with varying degree of MDD risk is unclear, as are possible links to various risk factors.

Probing Neurophysiological Processes Related to Self-Referential Processing to Predict Improvement in Adolescents With Depression Receiving Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.

Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a gold-standard approach for treating major depressive disorder in adolescents. However, nearly half of adolescents receiving CBT do not improve. To personalize treatment, it is essential to identify objective markers that predict treatment responsiveness.

Behavioral and neurophysiological signatures of cognitive control in humans and rats.

Background: Deficits in cognitive control are implicated in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. However, relevant pharmacological treatments are limited, likely due to weak translational validity of applicable preclinical models used. Neural indices derived from electroencephalography may prove useful in comparing and translating the effects of cognition-enhancing drugs between species.