[The Molecular and Biological Patterns Underlying Sustained SARS-CoV-2 Circulation in the Human Population].

Introduction: For four years, SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, has been circulating among humans. By the end of the second year, an absence of immunologically naive individuals was observed, attributable to extensive immunization efforts and natural viral exposure. This study focuses on delineating the molecular and biological patterns that facilitate the persistence of SARS-CoV-2, thereby informing predictions on the epidemiological trajectory of COVID-19 toward refining pandemic countermeasures.

Current Trends of HIV Infection in the Russian Federation.

Russia remains one of the areas most affected by HIV in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The aim of this study was to analyze HIV infection indicators and study trends in Russia using data from the Federal Statistic Form No. 61 "Information about HIV infection".

[Frequency of diseases caused by group A streptococci among invasive infections of soft tissues and characteristics of the causative agent].

Aim: Determine frequency of diseases caused by group A streptococci (GAS) among invasive infections of soft tissues; identify emm-types of the isolated streptococci, determine the presence of bacteriophage integrases and toxin genes in their genomes.

Materials And Methods: 4750 case histories of patients with soft tissue infections of the purulent-surgical department of the 23rd City Clinical Hospital.of Moscow "Medsantrud" in 2008 - 2011 were analyzed.

[Invasive streptococcal (group A) infection of soft tissues in a Moscow surgical hospital].

Aim: To study features and risk factors of soft tissue's invasive streptococcal infection in surgical unit's patients: a) emm-types of the most often recovered streptococcus; b) human immune response for streptococcal antigens (streptolysin-O and the group A carbohydrate antigen); c) main patient's conditions that complicate the course of soft tissue's streptococcal infection.

Patients And Methods: 101 surgical unit's patients with soft tissue's infection, which group A streptococcal (GAS) nature, were examined. Emm-types were determined by comparison ofemm gene sequenced part with data of CDC Streptococcus Laboratory.

[Peculiarities of clinical and laboratory characteristics of the activity of streptococcal infection in the patients presenting with tonsillar pathology].

The objective of the present study was to characterize peculiar clinical and laboratory features of trivial tonsillitis for the substantiation of the necessity of prescription of antibacterial therapy. A total of 386 patients presenting with various forms of trivial tonsillitis were available for the determination of anti-streptococcal antibody (ASLO, anti-DN-ase B, ASPH) levels. The results of the measurement were compared based on the Centor scale generally used to estimate the necessity of prescribing antibacterial therapy for the treatment of sore throat.