Differences in Physiological and Perceptual Responses to High Intensity Interval Exercise Between Arm and Leg Cycling.

This study compared changes in oxygen uptake (VO), heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), affective valence, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) between sessions of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performed on the arm (ACE) and leg cycle ergometer (LCE). Twenty three active and non-obese men and women (age and BMI=24.7±5.

Utility of Verification Testing to Confirm Attainment of Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Unhealthy Participants: A Perspective Review.

Maximal oxygen uptake (VOmax) is strongly associated with endurance performance as well as health risk. Despite the fact that VOmax has been measured in exercise physiology for over a century, robust procedures to ensure that VOmax is attained at the end of graded exercise testing (GXT) do not exist. This shortcoming led to development of an additional bout referred to as a verification test (VER) completed after incremental exercise or on the following day.

Mid-Term Assessment of the EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020 and Final Evaluation of the Action Plan on Drugs 2013-2016: Final report.

The aim of the EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020 is to contribute to a reduction in drug demand and drug supply within the EU. The Strategy has so far been implemented by an Action Plan covering the period 2013-2016. This article sets out the findings of an evaluation that assesses the degree of implementation of the Strategy and the Action Plan in terms of outputs and, where possible, impacts.

Novel phosphonium salts display in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activity against human ovarian cancer cell lines.

Phosphonium salts are part of a class of lipophilic cationic molecules that accumulate preferentially in mitochondria and inhibit the growth of human and rodent carcinoma cells in vitro and in animal models. The delocalized cations tested previously such as dequalinium have exhibited considerable cross resistance against multiple drug-resistant cells expressing gp 170. In order to overcome this cross resistance, we have developed two novel phosphonium salts which contain haloalkyl moieties with potential protein alkylating capabilities.

Inhibition of growth of human ovarian cancer in nude mice by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist Cetrorelix (SB-75).

Objective: To report on the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) antagonist Cetrorelix (SB-75; Asta Medica, Frankfurt-Main, Germany) against a panel of human ovarian carcinomas.

In Vitro Studies: the effect of SB-75 was measured using a standardized chemosensitivity assay in the following ovarian cancer cell lines: UCI 101; UCI 107; PA-1; NIH: OVCAR 3; UCLA: 222; A2780, parental; A2780-CR, cisplatin resistant; A2780-DR, doxorubicin resistant; and the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. Results were expressed as percent growth inhibition determined by crystal violet photometric analysis.