Improving the Reliability of Peer Review Without a Gold Standard.

Peer review plays a crucial role in accreditation and credentialing processes as it can identify outliers and foster a peer learning approach, facilitating error analysis and knowledge sharing. However, traditional peer review methods may fall short in effectively addressing the interpretive variability among reviewing and primary reading radiologists, hindering scalability and effectiveness. Reducing this variability is key to enhancing the reliability of results and instilling confidence in the review process.

[Identification by enzyme immunoassay of escape mutants S143L and G145R of hepatitis B virus ()].

Introduction: The achievement of the goal of the World Health Organization to eliminate viral hepatitis B by 2030 seems to be problematic partly due to the presence of escape mutants of its etiological agent, hepatitis B virus (HBV) (<i>Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus</i>), that are spreading mainly in the risk groups. Specific routine diagnostic assays aimed at identification of HBV escape mutants do not exist.The study aimed the evaluation of the serological fingerprinting method adapted for routine detection of escape mutations in 143 and 145 aa positions of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg).

Variability in diagnostic error rates of 10 MRI centers performing lumbar spine MRI examinations on the same patient within a 3-week period.

Background Context: In today's health-care climate, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often perceived as a commodity-a service where there are no meaningful differences in quality and thus an area in which patients can be advised to select a provider based on price and convenience alone. If this prevailing view is correct, then a patient should expect to receive the same radiological diagnosis regardless of which imaging center he or she visits, or which radiologist reviews the examination. Based on their extensive clinical experience, the authors believe that this assumption is not correct and that it can negatively impact patient care, outcomes, and costs.

[Search for RNA of the hepatitis E virus autochthonous for Russia in the most likely infection sources].

The research carried out for 30 years from the moment of hepatitis E virus (HEV) discovery has proved the presence of the autochthonous HEV in non-endemic areas: Europe and Russia. Monitoring of the HEV antibodies (anti-HEV) among the Russian population has revealed regions with increased seroprevalence that testifies to high probability of local HEV infection in these areas. Contact with HEV can represent special danger for patients of the risk groups.

Magnetic resonance imaging-guided renal artery stent placement in a Swine model: comparison of two tracking techniques.

Background: Magnetic resonance (MR)-guided interventions have evolved from a pure research application to a preclinical method over the last decade. Among the device-tracking techniques, susceptibility artifact-based tracking relies on the contrast between the surrounding blood and the device, and radiofrequency coil-based tracking relies on the local gradient field amplification in a resonating circuit attached to the interventional device.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and precision of susceptibility artifact-based and microcoil-based MR guidance methods for renal artery stent placement in a swine model.