Thymic hyperplasia after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: a case series.

Introduction: Reactivation of thymopoiesis in adult patients with autoimmune disorders treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is supported by studies exploring immunoreconstitution. Radiological evidence of thymic hyperplasia after AHSCT was previously reported in patients with systemic sclerosis, but, to our knowledge, it has not been described in multiple sclerosis (MS), where premature thymic involution has been observed and immunosenescence might be accelerated by disease-modifying treatments (DMTs).

Participants And Methods: monocentric case series including MS patients who performed a chest CT scan for clinical purposes after having received AHSCT (BEAM/ATG regimen) for aggressive MS failing DMTs.

Differential quantification of alternative splicing events on spliced pangenome graphs.

Pangenomes are becoming a powerful framework to perform many bioinformatics analyses taking into account the genetic variability of a population, thus reducing the bias introduced by a single reference genome. With the wider diffusion of pangenomes, integrating genetic variability with transcriptome diversity is becoming a natural extension that demands specific methods for its exploration. In this work, we extend the notion of spliced pangenomes to that of annotated spliced pangenomes; this allows us to introduce a formal definition of Alternative Splicing (AS) events on a graph structure.

Diverse somatic Transformer and sex chromosome karyotype pathways regulate gene expression in Drosophila gonad development.

The somatic sex determination gene () is required for the highly sexually dimorphic development of most somatic cells, including those of the gonads. In addition, somatic is required for the germline development even though it is not required for sex determination within germ cells. Germ cell autonomous gene expression is also necessary for their sex determination.

The Azygos Esophageal Recess Is Not to Be Missed in Screening Lung Cancer With LDCT.

Purpose: Lesion overlooking and late diagnostic workup can compromise the efficacy of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening of lung cancer (LC), implying more advanced and less curable disease stages. We hypothesized that the azygos esophageal recess (AER) of the right lower lobe (RLL) might be an area prone to lesion overlooking in LC screening.

Materials And Methods: Two radiologists reviewed the LDCT examinations of all the screen-detected incident LCs observed in the active arm of 2 randomized clinical trials: ITALUNG and national lung screening trial.

Data Structures for SMEM-Finding in the PBWT.

The positional Burrows-Wheeler Transform (PBWT) was presented as a means to find set-maximal exact matches (SMEMs) in haplotype data via the computation of the divergence array. Although run-length encoding the PBWT has been previously considered, storing the divergence array along with the PBWT in a compressed manner has not been as rigorously studied. We define two queries that can be used in combination to compute SMEMs, allowing us to define smaller data structures that support one or both of these queries.