Five-analyzer Johann spectrometer for hard X-ray photon-in/photon-out spectroscopy at the Inner Shell Spectroscopy beamline at NSLS-II: design, alignment and data acquisition.

Here, a recently commissioned five-analyzer Johann spectrometer at the Inner Shell Spectroscopy beamline (8-ID) at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) is presented. Designed for hard X-ray photon-in/photon-out spectroscopy, the spectrometer achieves a resolution in the 0.5-2 eV range, depending on the element and/or emission line, providing detailed insights into the local electronic and geometric structure of materials.

A new Kirkpatrick-Baez-based scanning microscope for the Submicron Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy (SRX) beamline at NSLS-II.

The development, construction, and first commissioning results of a new scanning microscope installed at the 5-ID Submicron Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy (SRX) beamline at NSLS-II are reported. The developed system utilizes Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors for X-ray focusing. The instrument is designed to enable spectromicroscopy measurements in 2D and 3D with sub-200 nm spatial resolution.

Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of a Chlorhexidine-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC-CHX) Restoration Placed Using the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) Technique.

The aims of this study were to investigate the clinical effectiveness and patient acceptability of a modified glass ionomer cement placed using the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) technique to treat root caries, and to carry out microbiological analysis of the restored sites. Two clinically visible root surface carious lesions per participant were restored using ART. One was restored with commercial glass ionomer cement (GIC) (ChemFil Superior, DENTSPLY, Konstonz, Germany) which acted as the control.

Design, characterization, and performance of a hard x-ray transmission microscope at the National Synchrotron Light Source II 18-ID beamline.

A transmission X-ray microscope has been designed and commissioned at the 18-ID Full-field X-ray Imaging beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source II. This instrument operates in the 5-11 keV range, and, with the current set of optics, is capable of 30 nm spatial resolution imaging, with a field of view of about 40 μm. For absorption contrast, the minimum exposure time for a single projection image is about 20 ms and an entire 3D tomography data set can be acquired in under 1 min.

Using image processing for determination of settled sludge volume.

Determination of the sludge volume index is key to describing the settling characteristics of sludge in the aeration process of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The two core components of this calculation are the settled sludge volume (SSV) and suspended solids. While the measurement procedure for SSV is generally defined by national or international standards, in practice a wide variety of vessel sizes and shapes are used by operators to monitor WWTP performance.