Localization, annotation, and comparison of the Escherichia coli K-12 proteome under two states of growth.

Here we describe a proteomic analysis of Escherichia coli in which 3,199 protein forms were detected, and of those 2,160 were annotated and assigned to the cytosol, periplasm, inner membrane, and outer membrane by biochemical fractionation followed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry. Represented within this inventory were unique and modified forms corresponding to 575 different ORFs that included 151 proteins whose existence had been predicted from hypothetical ORFs, 76 proteins of completely unknown function, and 222 proteins currently without location assignments in the Swiss-Prot Database. Of the 575 unique proteins identified, 42% were found to exist in multiple forms.

Genome-wide analysis of lipoprotein expression in Escherichia coli MG1655.

To gain insight into the cell envelope of Escherichia coli grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, lipoproteins were examined by using functional genomics. The mRNA expression levels of each of these genes under three growth conditions--aerobic, anaerobic, and anaerobic with nitrate--were examined by using both Affymetrix GeneChip E. coli antisense genome arrays and real-time PCR (RT-PCR).

Effects of inhibition of myocardial extracellular-responsive kinase and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase on mechanical function of rat hearts after prolonged hypothermic ischemia.

Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular-responsive kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK, are activated by stresses associated with hypothermia-rewarming and ischemia-reperfusion. Their activation in heart is associated with beneficial (preconditioning) and adverse effects (apoptosis and impaired contractility). This study determined whether ERK and p38 MAPK activities are altered by hypothermic ischemia and normothermic reperfusion and the consequences of their inhibition on recovery of myocardial function.

Managing end-of-life care: comparing the experiences of terminally Ill patients in managed care and fee for service.

There have been no published empirical studies comparing the experiences of terminally ill patients in managed care organizations (MCOs) and those in fee for service (FFS). This investigation represents the first empirical study to systematically compare substantive outcomes between populations of terminally ill patients enrolled in MCO and FFS healthcare delivery systems. The investigators interviewed 988 patients whose physicians judged them to be terminally ill and 893 of their caregivers.

Geographic & age variations in invasive cervical cancer in Kentucky, 1995-1999.

The incidence rate of invasive cervical cancer in Kentucky is among the highest in the United States. Data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) show that in 1998, Kentucky's invasive cervical cancer incidence rate was 49% higher than the national rate (11.2 per 100,000 women versus 7.