The effect of regional medical education on physician distribution in Illinois.

Changes in the distribution of physicians among the 102 counties in Illinois in 1969 and 1979 were analyzed. During the decade, the supply of patient care physicians increased from 12,884 to 17,363 (35 percent). The 49 counties with populations of fewer than 25,000 experienced only minimal increases (14 physicians).

The effect of fronto-frontal and temporo-parietal unilateral ECT on retrograde memory.

An intraindividual, double-blind crossover comparison of the retrograde effect on memory of unilateral nondominant fronto-frontal and temporo-parietal ECT was performed in connection with the second and third treatments of an ECT series. Treatment technique was standardized and seizure duration was measured by means of EEG. Memory functions were examined 1 hr before and 2 hr after ECT.

Zimelidine vs maprotiline in depressed outpatients. A preliminary report.

Outpatients with endogenous depression diagnosed according to the research diagnostic criteria of Feighner et al. were randomly referred to treatment with zimelidine (100 mg b.i.

ACTH4-10 and memory in ECT-treated patients and untreated controls. II. Effect on retrieval.

The aim of the investigation was to find whether a single dose of ACTH4-10 could alleviate the retrograde dysmnesic effects of unilateral ECT and improve retrieval. Twenty depressive inpatients participated in the study, which was a double-blind intraindividual cross-over comparison between ACTH4-10 (30 mg subcutaneously) and placebo. The drug was administered 150 min after learning and 90 min after the second or third ECT unilateral treatment.

ACTH4-10 and memory in ECT-treated and untreated patients. I. Effect on consolidation.

The aim of the study was to investigate the possible effect of a single dose of ACTH4-10 (30 mg subcutaneously) on memory as measured with a test battery appropriate for the study of "consolidation". Twenty depressive inpatients participated in the intraindividual double-blind cross-over comparison between ACTH4-10 and placebo in connection with the second and third treatment in the ECT series. ACTH4-10 (or placebo) was administered subcutaneously 30 min after unilateral ECT.

Sports-related injuries in school-aged children.

Most studies of sports-related injuries have been investigations of specific injuries resulting from specific, organized sports at the high school, college, or professional level. This study documented all types of sports-related injuries received by all school-aged children in a midwestern community of 100,000 for a 1-year period. Public and private schools, community sports programs, hospital emergency rooms, the schools' accident insurance company, and local physicians provided initial accident reports.

Women physicians in a nonmetropolitan area.

The number and distribution of women physicians in a nonmetropolitan area of Illinois were identified from physician directories of 1950, 1965, 1972, and 1979; and comparisons were made with regional, state, and national data. Women physicians are less likely than men to enter nonmetropolitan practice. In the 53-county study area, 5 percent of the physicians are women, but almost three-fourths of the women are concentrated in six counties.

Surgical manpower and practice patterns in a nonmetropolitan area. Nonmetropolitan surgical manpower.

Surgical practice in a nonmetropolitan area was studied with a field survey of 33 general surgeons and family practitioners. Instruments included a physician interview and questionnaire, a nurse-receptionist questionnaire, a sample of 3,733 office patient records, and a sample of hospital operating room logbooks. The general surgeons reported spending an average of 22 hours a week seeing an average of 74 patients in their office practices.

Bimodal distribution of serum trypotphan level.

Serum levels of total L-tryptophan (L-TP) were determined before and during treatment in patients suffering from endogenous depression, who were treated with L-TP, 6 g daily, and unilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The gaussian curve of initial L-TP concentrations changed into a bimodal distribution during treatment. The patients with initially lower L-TP levels also had lower L-TP levels during the treatment, thus forming the low-concentration group within the bimodal distribution.

Electroconvulsive therapy in Sweden.

In spite of a decrease in the number of electroconvulsive treatments (ECT) administered during the decade 1966-1975, ECT is still commonly used in Sweden. About 4 per cent of all patients admitted for psychiatric treatment during 1975 received ECT. Affective disorders and confusional states appear to be the main indications.

Medical problems of the elderly in nonmetropolitan Illinois.

Are the medical problems of the ambulatory elderly in a nonmetropolitan area different from the problems of the metropolitan elderly? What relation does the availability of physician resources in a nonmetropolitan area have to the care delivered to the elderly? The study involved an analysis of 965 patient records sampled from the office practices of 16 family practitioners and 12 general surgeons. Data were extracted using the survey instrument developed for the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (DHEW, 1974). Results were obtained describing patient status, presenting problems, principal diagnoses, reasons for visit, and disposition.

Medical education for practice in nonmetropolitan areas.

A study of patient records sampled from the office practices of 28 family practitioners and general surgeons in a 16-county nonmetropolitan area revealed that a sizable percentage of the diagnoses of problems encountered by family practitioners concern conditions the management of which is primarily taught on a residency service other than family practice, internal medicine, or pediatrics. Surgeons, conversely, are seeing a large percentage of patients with conditions the management of which is generally taught on a primary care residency service. Data from office records were augmented by interview responses of 32 family practitioners and general surgeons to questions about the training that family practice and general surgical residents should receive if they are to be well prepared for practice in nonmetropolitan areas.

L-tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan in the treatment of depression. A review.

Trials performed do not provide evidence for an antidepressant effect of 5-HTP. L-TP, without interacting pharmaca, does not appear to be a well-documented antidepressant. The only convincing evidence for L-TP as an antidepressant is that L-TP enhances the effect of MAOI.

Evaluation of the combination of tryptophan and ECT in the treatment of depression. I. Clinical analysis.

A double-blind evaluation of the antidepressant efficacy of treatment with a combination of orally administered L-tryptophan (L-TP) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was made in patients suffering from endogenous depression. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups, one treated with L-TP (6 g daily) and unilateral ECT, the other with placebo and unilateral ECT. L-TP treatment was initiated at least 1 day before the first ECT and terminated 4 days after the last ECT.