Annexin-A5 assembled into two-dimensional arrays promotes cell membrane repair.

Eukaryotic cells possess a universal repair machinery that ensures rapid resealing of plasma membrane disruptions. Before resealing, the torn membrane is submitted to considerable tension, which functions to expand the disruption. Here we show that annexin-A5 (AnxA5), a protein that self-assembles into two-dimensional (2D) arrays on membranes upon Ca(2+) activation, promotes membrane repair.

Crystal structure and catalytic mechanism of leucoanthocyanidin reductase from Vitis vinifera.

Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of 2R,3S,4S-flavan-3,4-diols into 2R,3S-flavan-3-ols, a subfamily of flavonoids that is important for plant survival and for human nutrition. LAR1 from Vitis vinifera has been co-crystallized with or without NADPH and one of its natural products, (+)-catechin. Crystals diffract to a resolution between 1.

Crystal structure of grape dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis.

The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent enzyme dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) catalyzes a late step in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and condensed tannins, two flavonoid classes of importance to plant survival and human nutrition. This enzyme has been widely investigated in many plant species, but little is known about its structural and biochemical properties. To provide a basis for detailed structure-function studies, the crystal structure of Vitis vinifera DFR, heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, has been determined at 1.

Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase.

A recombinant human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (E.C. 4.

Evidence of new cadmium binding sites in recombinant horse L-chain ferritin by anomalous Fourier difference map calculation.

We refined the structure of the tetragonal form of recombinant horse L-chain apoferritin to 2.0 A and we compared it with that of the cubic form previously refined to the same resolution. The major differences between the two structures concern the cadmium ions bound to the residues E130 at the threefold axes of the molecule.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of an orthorhombic form of horse-spleen apoferritin.

Horse-spleen apofemtin crystallizes in two different space groups: cubic F432 and tetragonal P42(1)2 while its iron-containing analogue is known to present a cubic and an orthorhombic form. Up to now, only the structure of the cubic form has been fully investigated by X-ray diffraction, although some information concerning the molecular packing of the two other forms was deduced from analysis of X-ray photographs. While growing cubic crystals of horse-spleen apoferritin with Pt-mesoporphyrin IX, we obtained one crystal, with a diffraction limit of 2.

Preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the tetragonal form of native horse-spleen apoferritin.

Horse-spleen ferritin is known to crystallize in three different space groups, cubic F432, orthorhombic P2(1)2(1)2 and tetragonal P42(1)2, but only the cubic form has been fully investigated. Crystals of the tetragonal form of apoferritin have been obtained, by the vapour-diffusion technique, which diffract beyond 3.0 A.

Structural investigation of the complexation properties between horse spleen apoferritin and metalloporphyrins.

Crystallographic studies of L-chain horse spleen apoferritin (HSF) co-crystallized with Pt-hematoporphyrin IX and Snprotoporphyrin IX have brought significant new insights into structure-function relationships in ferritins. Interactions of HSF with porphyrins are discussed. Structural results show that the nestling properties into HSF are dependent on the porphyrin moiety.

Self-association of a DNA loop creates a quadruplex: crystal structure of d(GCATGCT) at 1.8 A resolution.

Background: The flexibility of DNA enables it to adopt three interconvertible types of duplex termed the A-, B- and Z-forms. It can also produce hairpin loops, triplex structures and guanine-rich quadruplex structures. Conformational flexibility assists in the tight packaging of DNA, for example in chromosomes.

A crystallographic study of haem binding to ferritin.

Ferritin, the iron-storage protein, binds porphyrins, metalloporphyrins and the fluorescent dyes ANS (8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid) and TNS (2-p-toluidinyl-6-naphthalenesulfonic acid), similarly to apo-myoglobin. Octahedral crystals of horse-spleen apo-ferritin (HSF; 174 amino acids) complexes prepared by the addition of haem, hematoporphyrin or Sn-protoporphyrin IX to a solution of apo-ferritin crystallize in space group F432 with cell parameter a = 184.0 A.

Modelling, synthesis and biological activity of a BLV proteinase, made of (only) 116 amino acids.

Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) is the aetiological agent of Leukosis enzootica bovis [Viral Oncology (1980), G. Klein (Ed.) Raven Press, New York, pp.

Conformational study of a putative HLTV-1 retroviral protease inhibitor.

The crystal structure of prolyl-glutaminyl-valyl-statyl-alanyl-leucine (Pro-Gln-Val-Sta-Ala-Leu, C(32)H(57)N(7)0(9).5H(2)0, M(r) = 683.9 + 90.

The structure of an idarubicin-d(TGATCA) complex at high resolution.

The crystal structure of the DNA hexamer d(TGATCA) complexed with the anthracycline antibiotic idarubicin has been determined at 1.6 A resolution. The asymmetric unit consists of a single hexamer oligonucleotide strand, one drug molecule and 35 water molecules.

DNA-drug interactions. The crystal structure of d(CGATCG) complexed with daunomycin.

The structure of a d(CGATCG)-daunomycin complex has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Refinement, with the location of 40 solvent molecules, using data up to 1.5 A, converged with a final crystallographic residual, R = 0.

Structural variation in d(CTCTAGAG). Implications for protein-DNA interactions.

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques have been used to characterize the structure of the self-complementary DNA oligomer d(CTCTAGAG). The structure was refined to an R factor of 14.7% using data to 2.

Crystallization and preliminary analysis of the deoxyoligonucleotide d(CGTAGATCTACG).

Two crystal forms of the self-complementary DNA 12-mer d(CGTAGATCTACG) were grown by the vapour diffusion technique. Form I is in space group C2 with a = 64.8 A, b = 35.

Z helix-coil transition of d(C-Br8G-C-G-C-Br8G) studied by CD, 1H-NMR and IR spectroscopies.

The conformation of d(C-Br8G-C-G-C-Br8G) in aqueous solution was studied by CD and 1H-NMR spectroscopy and in condensed phase by IR spectroscopy. Whether in 0.1 M or 3 M NaCl solution or in film the only double helical structure adopted by brominated d(C-G)3 oligomer is the Z form.

Influence of dA X dT and d(2aminoA) X dT base pairs on the B in equilibrium Z transition of DNA fragments. 1H-NMR study of d(C-G-C-A-m5C-G-T-G-m5C-G), d(m5C-G-C-A-m5C-G-T-G-C-G) and d(C-2aminoA-C-G-T-G).

The Helical structures of d(C-G-C-A-m5C-G-T-G-m5C-G), d(m5C-G-C-A-m5C-G-T-G-C-G) and d(C-2aminoA-C-G-T-G) were studied in aqueous solution at various salt concentrations and temperatures by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. In 0.1 M NaCl solution only the B form was evidenced for these DNA fragments whereas in 4 M NaCl both B and Z forms, in slow exchange on the NMR time scale, were observed.