Inheritance of wild and truncated DAT alleles from grand-parents: Opposite transgenerational consequences on the behavioral phenotype in adolescent DAT heterozygous rats.

Dopamine plays important roles in implicit memory and motivation of behavior. Environmental inputs can produce transgenerational epigenetic changes. This concept also includes the uterus: experimentally, we sought to create hyper-dopaminergic uterine conditions through ineffective dopamine-transporter (DAT) protein, obtained by inserting a stop-codon into the SLC6A3 gene.

Impact of discharge medication bedside delivery service on hospital reutilization.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of a medication to bedside delivery (meds-to-beds) service on hospital reutilization in an adult population.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study was conducted within a regional academic medical center from January 2017 to July 2017. Adult patients discharged from an internal medicine unit with at least one maintenance medication were evaluated.

Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen on Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Adult Orthopedic Surgery Patients.

: Postoperative pain is managed with opioids, which are associated with adverse effects. The efficacy of intravenous (IV) acetaminophen in reducing opioid consumption has been studied with inconsistent results. The primary outcome of this study was to assess the effect of IV acetaminophen on opioid consumption 24 hours postoperatively.

Impact of pharmacist discharge medication therapy counseling and disease state education: Pharmacist Assisting at Routine Medical Discharge (project PhARMD).

Many patients experience adverse events after discharge; numerous are medication related and preventable. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of pharmacist medication counseling and disease education at discharge. Pharmacist Assisting at Routine Medical Discharge is a prospective study of English- or Spanish-speaking adults discharged from internal medicine.

Challenges and benefits of an inpatient anticoagulation service: one hospital's experience.

While outpatient anticoagulation services (AMS) have existed extensively for a number of years, inpatient AMS have only recently begun to be implemented on a widespread basis. This is in direct response to anticoagulation regulations set forth by entities such as the Joint Commission (TJC) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services (CMS). Hospitals not complying with these regulations are at risk for either financial or accreditation punition.

Is there a role for albumin administration in nutrition support?

Objective: To review the administration of exogenous albumin in patients receiving nutritional support and determine if the use of albumin is supported by controlled trials.

Data Sources: MEDLINE search of English-language literature using the key terms albumin, parenteral nutrition, and enteral nutrition. The references of articles identified were also searched.

Criteria for use of total parenteral nutrition administered by a central venous catheter in adults. Presbyterian Hospital, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Criteria for a utilization review of total parenteral nutrition administered by a central venous catheter are presented. Areas covered include: indications and contraindications for use, appropriate monitoring criteria, complications related to parenteral nutrition, dosing, and outcome of therapy.

Effect of the mode of lipid administration on parenteral nutrition-related infections.

Objective: To determine if total nutrient admixtures (TNAs) influence the rate of infection in clinical practice.

Design: Prospective, randomized trial.

Setting: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

The effect of doxycycline on serum levels of ethinyl estradiol, norethindrone, and endogenous progesterone.

Doxycycline and other antibiotics have been implicated in oral contraceptive (OC) failure, but information is sparse and studies of a doxycycline-OC interaction are nonexistent. Because an interaction between doxycycline and OCs, especially those containing low-dose estrogen, could result in an unplanned and unwanted pregnancy, a controlled clinical trial of the effects of doxycycline on OC hormone concentrations was performed. Twenty-four women aged 18-35 years were recruited as volunteers from among the patients seen in a University-based family planning clinic.

Therapeutic drug monitoring: improved performance through educational intervention.

A pilot study done at our institution and previous studies in the literature indicate that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is frequently performed without a proper indication. In addition, samples are often improperly collected or interpreted by physicians. The purpose of this study was to determine if a pharmacy-based educational intervention could positively influence the performance of TDM in a teaching institution.

Time to steady state following a change in dosing rate.

Drugs administered at fixed intervals or by continuous infusion will accumulate in the body until steady state is achieved. The time to a given percentage of the eventual steady-state concentration has previously been considered to be dependent only on the elimination half-life. This is incorrect.

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced renal dysfunction related to inhibition of renal prostaglandins.

This article reviews the role of prostaglandins (PG) in maintaining renal function in the face of vasoconstrictive substances and decreased renal blood flow. Inhibition of the synthesis of renal PG by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) may lead to the development of hemodynamically induced renal dysfunction in patients with a decreased effective plasma volume or chronic renal insufficiency. The importance of stimulation of renal PG activity to the action of diuretics and a pharmacodynamic mechanism for NSAID-induced diuretic resistance are presented.

Management considerations in treating metabolic abnormalities associated with theophylline overdose.

We treated a patient who intentionally overdosed with theophylline complicated by metabolic disturbances. Management of the patient's hypokalemia with moderate doses of potassium chloride resulted in hyperkalemia with associated electrocardiographic changes. The rapid clearance of theophylline due to the administration of oral activated charcoal was believed to be a contributing factor.

The growth of microorganisms in total parenteral nutrition admixtures.

Total nutrient admixtures (TNAs) containing glucose, amino acids, and lipid emulsion in one container and amino acid/dextrose solutions [conventional total parenteral nutrition (TPN) formulations] were studied in a controlled laboratory experiment for their ability to support the growth of microorganisms. Both TNA and conventional TPN formulations for peripheral and central venous administration with standard additives were inoculated with microorganisms to provide 10(1)-10(2) colony-forming units/ml (CFU/ml) of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans. The admixtures were stored at room temperature and samples for quantitative microbiology were taken at time 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr.

Cimetidine absorption in humans during sucralfate coadministration.

Cimetidine absorption after a single 300 mg oral dose was evaluated in six normal subjects in the absence or presence of sucralfate. Sucralfate was ingested four times a day for 2 days prior to and for two additional doses on the day of cimetidine ingestion. Sucralfate coadministration had no statistically significant influence on the rate or extent of cimetidine absorption.