A paradoxical misperception of relative motion.

Detecting the motion of an object relative to a world-fixed frame of reference is an exquisite human capability [G. E. Legge, F.

Faculty Reflections on What Makes a Good Surgeon: "The operating Room is Often the Smallest Part of the Puzzle".

Objective: Little research has inductively investigated the unique nontechnical qualities required of a surgeon holistic to their practice. This is problematic because there may be additional nuances, or entirely new attributes, that can only be identified in the authentic context of surgical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the unique nontechnical qualities required of surgeons holistic to their practice.

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Middle and Late Adulthood.

Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) is now frequently performed in patients with adult congenital heart disease. As the life expectancy of the population with adult congenital heart disease continues to improve, more patients will require pulmonary valve intervention. This study details the short-term and midterm clinical outcomes of patients aged ≥40 years who underwent TPVR.

Emotional intelligence and LEGO-based communication assessments as indicators of peer evaluations.

Introduction: Much attention and effort are devoted to general surgery residency applicant interview strategies and ranking. However, few interview strategies are positively associated with applicant communication performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of a LEGO-based communication assessment and a standardized patient-based emotional intelligence assessment to serve as an indicator for communication and interpersonal skills among peers in residency.

Predraft elbow magnetic resonance imaging in Major League Baseball pitchers.

Background: Prior to the Major League Baseball (MLB) draft, some pitchers undergo predraft magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to evaluate pre-draft elbow MRI on baseball pitchers who were entering the MLB draft to determine the presence or absence of pathology, the associations between these pathologies and ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) tears, and interobserver reliability regarding common MRI pathology.

Methods: Predraft elbow MRI performed on prospective MLB pitchers between 2011 and 2017 were deidentified and then reviewed by two separate authors.

Is Workload Associated With Oblique Injuries in Professional Baseball Players?

Background: Oblique strains have become a common injury among professional baseball players. The influence of player workload on oblique strains remains unknown.

Purpose/hypothesis: To determine whether workload is a risk factor for oblique strains in professional baseball players.

Exploration of Patient Retention in Seeking a Second Opinion: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: It is common for cancer patients to seek a second opinion for a variety of reasons. Understanding what drives patients to choose to receive treatment with their second opinion provider may uncover opportunities to improve the second opinion process. Therefore, we sought to identify the patient, disease, and treatment characteristics that were associated with second opinion retention rates in patients seeking a second surgical opinion for breast, colon, and pancreatic cancer.

Assessing the stops framework for coping with intraoperative errors: Evidence of efficacy, hints of hubris, and a bridge to abridging burnout.

Background: Answering calls in the literature, we developed and introduced an evidence-based tool for surgeons facing errors in the operating room: the STOPS framework (stop, talk to you team, obtain help, plan, succeed). The purpose of this research was to assess the impact of presenting this psychological tool on resident coping in the operating room and the related outcome of burnout while examining sex differences.

Methods: In a natural experiment, general surgery residents were invited to attend 2 separate educational conferences regarding coping with errors in the operating room.

Expanded Access to Video-Based Laparoscopic Skills Assessments: Ease, Reliability, and Accuracy.

Objective: Video-based performance assessments provide essential feedback to surgical residents, but in-person and remote video-based assessment by trained proctors incurs significant cost. We aimed to determine the reliability, accuracy, and difficulty of untrained attending staff surgeon raters completing video-based assessments of a basic laparoscopic skill. Secondarily, we aimed to compare reliability and accuracy between 2 different types of assessment tools.

Acceptability and tolerability of long-acting injectable cabotegravir or rilpivirine in the first cohort of virologically suppressed adolescents living with HIV (IMPAACT 2017/MOCHA): a secondary analysis of a phase 1/2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative dose-finding study.

Background: Long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine have demonstrated safety, acceptability, and efficacy in adults living with HIV-1. The IMPAACT 2017 study (MOCHA study) was the first to use these injectable formulations in adolescents (aged 12-17 years) living with HIV-1. Herein, we report acceptability and tolerability outcomes in cohort 1 of the study.

Scrubbing With Aristotle: Cultivating Surgical Wisdom through Inflection Points.

Surgical educators and researchers have well-considered a breadth of topics related to surgery. However, there is one concept that is notably absent in this corpus: surgical wisdom. In this perspective, we draw on work from Aristotle and psychology research to introduce the concept of phronesis, which we believe is useful for understanding surgical wisdom.

Implementation of a Brief Evidence-Based Intraoperative Coping Curriculum.

Background And Rationale: Recent research has called for further resident training in coping with errors and adverse events in the operating room. To the best of our knowledge, there currently exists no evidence-based curriculum or training on this topic.

Materials And Methods: Synthesizing three prior studies on how experienced surgeons react to errors and adverse events, we developed the STOPS framework for handling surgical errors and adverse events (Stop, Talk to your team, Obtain help, Plan, Succeed).

Is Workload Associated With Internal Impingement in Professional Baseball Pitchers? An Analysis of Days of Rest, Innings Pitched, and Batters Faced.

Background: Internal impingement is a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction in baseball pitchers.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine if the amount of rest days between outings, the number of innings pitched in each outing, and the number of batters faced in each outing are risk factors for internal impingement in professional baseball pitchers. It was hypothesized that a higher workload would significantly increase a pitcher's risk of developing internal impingement.

Determinants of Meningococcal Vaccination Coverage and Adherence: A Targeted Literature Review Supporting a 16-year-old Healthcare Visit.

We conducted a targeted literature review to understand the determinants of meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY) and meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) vaccination coverage and adherence to vaccination schedules in the USA, and to identify evidence to support improvement of MenACWY and MenB vaccination coverage and adherence in older adolescents. Sources published since 2011 were considered, with sources published since 2015 given preference. Out of 2355 citations screened, 47 (46 studies) were selected for inclusion.

Use of Community SARS-CoV-2 Case Counts and Instantaneous Reproductive Number to Predict Short-Term COVID-19 Hospital Admission Volumes.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and high hospitalization rates placed a tremendous strain on hospital resources, necessitating the use of models to predict hospital volumes and the associated resource requirements. Complex epidemiologic models have been developed and published, but many require continued adjustment of input parameters. We developed a simplified model for short-term bed need predictions that self-adjusts to changing patterns of disease in the community and admission rates.

The good, the bad, and the ugly: Operative staff perspectives of surgeon coping with intraoperative errors.

Background: Intraoperative errors are inevitable, and how surgeons respond impacts patient outcomes. Although previous research has queried surgeons on their responses to errors, no research to our knowledge has considered how surgeons respond to operative errors from a contemporary first-hand source: the operating room staff. This study evaluated how surgeons react to intraoperative errors and the effectiveness of employed strategies as witnessed by operating room staff.

Utility of serial conventional troponin testing for emergency department patients stratified by HEART score and symptom timing.

Background: The HEART score for risk stratifying chest pain patients in the emergency department (ED) has been widely adopted in clinical practice, but is often employed with nonconformant serial troponin measurements.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to examine the utility of obtaining a second conventional 3-h troponin I (TnI) level in ED patients presenting with potential acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stratified by HEART score and duration of symptoms.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive adult ED patients with a complete HEART score.

Organic matter degradation determines the concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments. Multivariate learning on environmental and experimental models.

Sediment organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in capturing polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) due to its affinity to hydrophobic and lipophilic compounds. Previous publications about correlations between PBDE concentrations and SOM content showed discrepancies among the results, reporting either significant positive correlations or no correlations at all. This work aimed to provide a deeper insight into SOM characteristics that might determine the concentrations of PBDEs in sediments.

Bacteremia With Oral in an 18-Year-Old After a Water Skiing Fall Into a Freshwater Lake.

Freshwater exposure is associated with a diverse range of infections from pathogens present in soil and water. This includes skin and soft tissue infections and wound infections, gastrointestinal infections, and central nervous system infections acquired through recreational exposure or trauma. Case reports of freshwater-associated infections typically focus on waterborne pathogens as the cause of illness; however, patients who experience significant physical trauma during freshwater exposure may also be at increased risk for infection with their own flora if the nature of the injury allows entry of bacteria through a mechanism such as mucosal injury.