Weight Loss, Pathological Changes, and Inflammatory Effects from a Short-Term Ketogenic Diet in Overweight and Obese Men with Untreated Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance.

Background And Aims: Active Surveillance (AS) is a favored strategy for the management of indolent prostate cancers (PCs). Overweight and obese men harbor an increased risk of cancer progression during AS. We aim to prospectively evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of a ketogenic diet (KD) weight-loss intervention in overweight men with PC.

Communication Skills in Toddlers Exposed to Maternal SARS-CoV-2 during Pregnancy.

Studies about the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnant women and children born to positive women are controversial with regard to possible inner ear-related damage but most of them do not detect the involvement of this virus in auditory function. However, only a few studies on long-term effects on language development are currently available because of the recent onset of the pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on perceptual and expressive abilities and the emerging development of communication in young children.

A Pilot Study Evaluating the Feasibility and Efficacy of an In-Home Resonance-Based Electromagnetic Field Protection Device on Improving Markers of Health and Cognitive Function Among a Sample of Healthy Adults.

Background: The dramatic increase in exposure to non-native sources of electromagnetic fields (EMF) in recent years has given rise to numerous human health concerns. The near pervasive exposure to radiofrequency (RF) emanating from wireless technologies inside the home (e.g.

Functional Medicine Care was Associated with Lower Pharmacy Claims Costs Among Ashland School District Employee Health Plan Participants With Musculoskeletal Disorders.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are a leading cause of healthcare utilization and disability among the millions of school employees in the United States. While school-based workplace wellness programs have demonstrated improvements in health behaviors, the long-term financial impact of these programs remains unclear.

Objective: Identify factors associated with health insurance claims costs within a school district featuring a workplace wellness program emphasizing health behaviors aligned with the functional medicine model of care.

Worksheet-Based Delivery System to Improve Participation and Engagement in Basic Science.

The Challenge: A basic science curriculum is foundational to surgical training. However, engagement in, and satisfaction with, standard lectures is notoriously poor and antithetical to adult education principles.

The Tool: We developed a worksheet-based delivery system to improve participation and engagement in basic science.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Effectiveness and Safety of Melatonin and Three Formulations of Floraworks Proprietary TruCBN™ for Improving Sleep.

The phytocannabinoid cannabinol (CBN) has a potential mechanism of action as an alternative sleep aid but there is minimal evidence to support its effectiveness. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to assess the safety and effects of three formulations of a hemp-derived CBN sleep aid, TruCBN™ [25 mg (n = 206), 50 mg (n = 205), 100 mg (n = 203)], on sleep quality (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance 8A), relative to placebo (n = 204). The effectiveness and safety of these formulations relative to 4 mg of melatonin (n = 202) was assessed.

Spices and Herbs Increase Vegetable Palatability Among Military Service Members.

Introduction: Unhealthy eating behaviors are adversely impacting the health and performance of the U.S. armed forces.

Effects of Antioxidant Dietary Supplement Use upon Response to Cancer Treatment: A Scoping Review of Available Evidence.

Introduction: The effects of antioxidant dietary supplements on response to biological therapies for cancer is unknown. We conducted a scoping review of the available systematic review evidence on this question.

Methods And Analysis: We searched six databases from inception to August 19, 2022 for systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of antioxidant dietary supplements used by patients receiving curative chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or other biological therapy for cancer and assessing the impact of supplements on survival, treatment response, or disease progression.

Comparison of Post-Hemorrhoid Surgery Pain Profiles in Older and Younger Adults.

Introduction: Older and younger adults are offered similar analgesic options after hemorrhoid surgery (HS), but the differences in pain between the two populations are unknown. This study aims to compare postoperative pain outcomes after HS in older and younger individuals.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of patients who underwent HS between 2018 and 2023.

Reversal of Autism Symptoms among Dizygotic Twins through a Personalized Lifestyle and Environmental Modification Approach: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The prevalence of autism has been increasing at an alarming rate. Even accounting for the expansion of autism spectrum disorder diagnostic (ASD) criteria throughout the 1990's, there has been an over 300% increase in ASD prevalence since the year 2000. The often debilitating personal, familial, and societal sequelae of autism are generally believed to be lifelong.

Adjuvant chemotherapy in stage 1 colon cancer: Patient characteristics and survival analysis from the national cancer database.

Background: A subset of patients in ACS-NCDB with stage-1 colon cancer received adjuvant chemotherapy (AC), in contrast to national guidelines. This study aimed to define this population and evaluate associations between AC and survival.

Methods: Patients with T1-2N0 colon cancer from 2004 to 2016 were separated into AC and non-AC groups.

Nutritional Criminology: Why the Emerging Research on Ultra-Processed Food Matters to Health and Justice.

There is mounting concern over the potential harms associated with ultra-processed foods, including poor mental health and antisocial behavior. Cutting-edge research provides an enhanced understanding of biophysiological mechanisms, including microbiome pathways, and invites a historical reexamination of earlier work that investigated the relationship between nutrition and criminal behavior. Here, in this perspective article, we explore how this emergent research casts new light and greater significance on previous key observations.

Functional medicine health coaching improved elimination diet compliance and patient-reported health outcomes: Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether an elimination diet with virtually provided functional medicine health coaching support would be more effective than a typical self-guided elimination diet with respect to dietary compliance and patient-reported health and quality of life.

Methods: A parallel arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted among a sample of healthcare professionals. Participants were randomized to either an elimination diet with 5 sessions of functional medicine health coaching support (intervention arm) or a self-guided elimination diet (control arm).

"Food faddists and pseudoscientists!": Reflections on the history of resistance to ultra-processed foods.

The term 'ultra-processed food' emerged in the 1980s, mostly used in reference to highly-processed convenience foods and snacks, often energy-dense, poor in nutrients, and inclusive of various synthetic additives such as emulsifiers, colors, artificial sweeteners, and/or flavor enhancers. Concern over such foods was part of the growing holistic and environmental health movements of the 1970-80s; yet, those who raised alarm about the encroachment of ultra-processed foods were often labeled, especially by industry and their powerful allies, as 'food faddists' and 'pseudoscientists'. Today, the topic of ultra-processed foods is generating massive personal, public, and planetary health interest.

Analysis of factors associated with the use of Korean medicine after spinal surgery using a nationwide database in Korea.

Many patients in Korea use Korean Medicine (KM) after spine surgery, but related research is lacking. Therefore, this retrospective cohort study aimed to analyze factors affecting the use and costs of KM using nationally representative data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, South Korea. Patients who underwent spinal surgery for spinal diseases from 2011 to 2014 were followed up for 5 years, and their medical care was described.

Effects of S-Allylcysteine-Rich Garlic Extract and Dietary Inorganic Nitrate Formula on Blood Pressure and Salivary Nitric Oxide: An Open-Label Clinical Trial Among Hypertensive Subjects.

Introduction:  The conversion of dietary inorganic nitrate (NO3-) to nitric oxide (NO) is a non-canonical pathway that plays an important role in NO biology, especially under pathological conditions. Inorganic NO3- supplementation is a proven method for controlling mild hypertension. Recent reports have suggested that another gaseous transmitter, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), influences NO biosynthesis and metabolism.

Community-engaged basic science in an NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center: antioxidants and chemotherapeutic efficacy.

Purpose: While community engagement has been a longstanding aspect of cancer-relevant research in social and behavioral sciences, it is far less common in basic/translational/clinical research. With the National Cancer Institute's incorporation of Community Outreach and Engagement into the Cancer Center Support Grant guidelines, successful models are desirable. We report on a pilot study supported by the University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center (UMGCCC), that used a community-engaged, data-driven process to inform a pre-clinical study of the impact of antioxidants on the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapeutics.

Beyond Plants: The Ultra-Processing of Global Diets Is Harming the Health of People, Places, and Planet.

Global food systems are a central issue for personal and planetary health in the Anthropocene. One aspect of major concern is the dramatic global spread of ultra-processed convenience foods in the last 75 years, which is linked with the rising human burden of disease and growing sustainability and environmental health challenges. However, there are also calls to radically transform global food systems, from animal to plant-derived protein sources, which may have unintended consequences.

Linoleic Acid: A Narrative Review of the Effects of Increased Intake in the Standard American Diet and Associations with Chronic Disease.

The intake of linoleic acid (LA) has increased dramatically in the standard American diet. LA is generally promoted as supporting human health, but there exists controversy regarding whether the amount of LA currently consumed in the standard American diet supports human health. The goal of this narrative review is to explore the mechanisms that underlie the hypothesis that excessive LA intake may harm human health.

The Audiological Follow-Up of Children with Symptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: An Experience in Two Italian Centers.

Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the leading cause of non-hereditary sensorineural hearing loss in children. While about 10% of children reportedly display symptoms at birth, 85-90% of cCMV infection cases are asymptomatic. However, 10-15% of these asymptomatic infants may later develop hearing, visual, or neurodevelopmental impairments.

Surviving cancer following total laryngectomy: a phenomenological study.

Purpose: Total laryngectomy followed by radiotherapy is a life-preserving treatment for patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer. This study explored how persons who had undergone total laryngectomy perceived themselves as cancer survivors in the follow-up phase.

Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was adopted.

Linear versus Turbulent Airflow Tracheostomy Heat and Moisture Exchangers: A Crossover Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of two tracheostomy heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs), namely the Shikani Oxygen HME™ (S-O HME, ball type, turbulent airflow) and Mallinckrodt Tracheolife II DAR HME (M-O HME; flapper type, linear airflow) on tracheobronchial mucosal health, oxygenation, humidification, and patient preference.

Methods: A randomized cross-over study was conducted with HME-naïve long-term tracheostomy subjects at two academic medical centers. Bronchoscopy assessments of mucosal health were performed at baseline and day 5 of HME application, along with oxygen saturation (S ) and breathed air humidity at four oxygen flow rates (1, 2, 3, and 5 lpm).

A retrospective comparison of 90-day outcomes, length of stay, and readmissions between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic colectomy.

Investigations generally assess 30 days of perioperative outcomes with robotic-assisted and laparoscopic colectomy. Outcomes beyond 30 days serve as a quality metric of surgical services and an assessment of 90 days of outcomes may have greater clinical utility. The purpose of this study was to assess 90 days of outcomes, length of stay (LOS), and readmissions among patients who underwent a robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic colectomy using a national database.